TAILIEUCHUNG - Prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among Category II pulmonary tuberculosis patients

Newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients were tested for presence of HIV infection after informed consent was obtained. Subjects with or without HIV infection who were willing to participate in the study were enrolled, after obtaining written consent, between September 2000 and July 2006 when the required target for enrollment in each arm of the study was attained. These patients had never been treated for TB or had taken anti-tuberculosis drugs for less than one month. After enrollment, they were treated with the RNTCP regimen for 6 to 7 months and were followed up for a period of two years after. | Indian J Med Res 133 March 2011 pp 312-315 Prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among Category II pulmonary tuberculosis patients Surendra K. Sharma Sanjeev Kumar . Saha Ninoo George . Arora Deepak Gupta Urvashi Singh M. Hanif . Vashishp Departments of Medicine Microbiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences Sanjay Gandhi Memorial Hospital New Delhi Tuberculosis Centre New Delhi India Received April 26 2010 Background objectives Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis MDR-TB has emerged as a significant global health concern. The most important risk factor for the development of MDR-TB is previous antituberculosis therapy. Category II pulmonary TB includes those patients who had failed previous TB treatment relapsed after treatment or defaulted during previous treatment. We carried out this study to ascertain the prevalence of MDR-TB among category II pulmonary TB patients. Methods This was a cross-sectional descriptive study involving category II pulmonary TB patients diagnosed between 2005 and 2008. All sputum-positive category II TB cases were subjected to mycobacterial culture and drug-susceptibility testing DST . MDR-TB was defined as TB caused by bacilli showing resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin. Results A total of 196 cases of sputum-positive category II pulmonary tuberculosis patients were included. Of these 40 patients had MDR-TB. The mean age of MDR-TB patients was yr 9 patients were female. Thirty six patients showed resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid while 4 patients showed resistance to rifampicin isoniazid and streptomycin. The prevalence of MDR-TB among category-II pulmonary tuberculosis patients was per cent. Interpretation conclusions The prevalence of MDR-TB in category II TB patients was significant. However nation-wide and State-wide representative data on prevalence of MDR-TB are lacking. We stress the importance of continuous monitoring of drug resistance trends in order to assess .

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