TAILIEUCHUNG - The Illustrated Network- P52

The Illustrated Network- P52:In this chapter, you will learn about the protocol stack used on the global public Internet and how these protocols have been evolving in today’s world. We’ll review some key basic defi nitions and see the network used to illustrate all of the examples in this book, as well as the packet content, the role that hosts and routers play on the network, and how graphic user and command line interfaces (GUI and CLI, respectively) both are used to interact with devices. | CHAPTER 18 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 479 DHCP AND ROUTERS DHCP takes advantage of the BOOTP relay agent concept. In fact router configuration of DHCP can be complicated because many routers mention only BOOTP relay agents and assume administrators know they are the same. A DHCP relay agent is usually a router but it could also be a dual-homed host that uses a router to reach the DHCP server. A typical configuration using a router as a relay agent was shown in Figure . The DHCP relay agent listens for broadcast BOOTP request messages and sends them to the server. The relay agent then receives replies from the DHCP server and replies to the client. DHCPv6 We haven t done anything with DHCP in IPv6. There s a reason for that and it has to do with the way IPv6 configures itself on a host. A lot of what DHCP does in IPv4 can also be done with RARP and ICMP Yet DHCP is all over the place in IPv4. IPv6 includes elaborate neighbor and router discovery protocols that allow IPv6 hosts to invent link-local IPv6 addresses and multicast groups for configuration purposes. Yet just like IPv4 DHCP for IPv6 exists as DHCPv6. There are at least three reasons DHCPv6 continues to make sense in IPv6. Not all networks support the multicasts needed for IPv6 autoconfiguration like those consisting of point-to-point links or ATM and frame relay. Some small IPv6 networks might not have a router which is required for IPv6 autoconfiguration. Network managers might desire more control over device configuration than afforded by IPv6 autoconfiguration. DHCPv6 will not be used on the Illustrated Network. There is no BOOTP support because it is not really needed in IPv6. In truth a lot of DHCP parameters are superfluous in IPv6. It is enough for this chapter to point out that DHCPv6 can be triggered by options in the IPV6 Router Advertisement messages which we first introduced in Chapter 5. DHCPv6 and Router Advertisements DHCPv6 and its relationship to IPv6 addressing are described

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