TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Organic chemistry: Chapter 21 (part 2) - L. G. Wade, Jr.

Chapter 21 (part 1) - Reactions of carboxylic acid derivatives. This chapter predict the products and propose mechanisms for the reactions of carboxylic acid derivatives with reducing agents, alcohols, amines, and organometallic reagents; propose multistep syntheses using acid derivatives as starting materials and intermediates. | Chapter 21 Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Organic Chemistry, 7th Edition L. G. Wade, Jr. Part 2: Reactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Chapter 21 Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution Interconversion of acid derivatives occur by nucleophilic acyl substitution. Nucleophile adds to the carbonyl forming a tetrahedral intermediate. Elimination of the leaving group regenerates the carbonyl. Nucleophilic acyl substitutions are also called acyl transfer reactions because they transfer the acyl group to the attacking nucleophile. Chapter 21 Mechanism of Acyl Substitution This is an addition–elimination mechanism. Chapter 21 Reactivity of Acid Derivatives Chapter 21 Interconversion of Derivatives More reactive derivatives can be converted to less reactive derivatives. Chapter 21 Acid Chloride to Anhydride The carboxylic acid attacks the acyl chloride, forming the tetrahedral intermediate. Chloride ion leaves, restoring the carbonyl. Deprotonation .

• Hoá học
• Organic chemistry
• Lecture Organic chemistry
• Hóa học hữu cơ
• Electronic Structure
• Reactions of carboxylic acid
• Carboxylic acid derivatives
• In this workbook
• experiments are elaborated using small scale glassware and equipments from a Small Lab Kit
• developed at the Department of Chemistry
• Faculty of Science
• Chulalongkorn University in Thailand
• This Small Lab Kit was created as a result of the research project entitled “Chemistry Laboratory Based on Chemical Safety and Pollution Minimization” sponsored by Thai Research Fund (RDG 3 07 2543)
• One of the outcomes of this project is the organic laboratory book entitled “Organic Chemistry Laboratory Based on Chemical Safety and Pollution Minimization” written in Thai by professors from 7 universities in this project
• They compiled
• adjusted and tested the experiments taken from several traditional organic chemistry laboratory books using the prototype of Small Lab Kit
• Currently
• some selected experiments from this Thai organic chemistry laboratory text have further been modified
• rewritten and edited in English as appeared in this workbook
• Some experiments ar
• Ebook Organic chemistry
• Nucleophilic substitution
• Determining organic structures
• nucleophilic addition
• Organic structures
• Electrophilic aromatic substitution
• Principles of organic chemistry
• Methods of organic chemistry
• The methane series
• The acetylene series
• Polybasic acids
• High school
• University entrance exam
• Teaching organic chemistry
• Organic chemistry exam question
• Interdisciplinary science
• Advanced practical organic chemistry
• Functional groups
• Organic synthesis reagents
• The structure
• Reactions of organic names
• Fundamentals of organic chemistry
• Carbonyl alpha substitution reactions
• Condensation reactions
• Structure determination
• The organic chemistry
• Organic chemistry principles in context
• Starch to the principles
• The structures of organic molecules
• Mass spectrometers
• Infrared spectrometers
• Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometers
• Modern physical organic chemistry
• Strain and stability
• Covalent binding forces
• Electronic organic materials
• Thermal pericyclic reactions
• The study of organic chemistry
• Stereochemistry and resonance
• Identification of organic compounds
• Elimination reactions
• Electrophilic addition reactions
• Electron delocalization
• Organic compounds
• Cyclic hydrocarbons
• Aromatic alcohols
• Aromatic compounds containing
• Inorganic chemistry
• A guidebook to mechanism in organic chemistry
• Aromatic systems
• Linear free energy relationships
• Symmetry controlled reactions
• Fatty acid catabolism
• The chemistry of the carbonyl group
• The industrial road toward increasing efficiency
• Bài giảng Hóa học hữu cơ
• Chemistry of benzene
• Derivatives of benzene
• Summary of Organic Chemistry Dotoral Thesis
• Organic Chemistry Dotoral Thesis
• Natural Products Chemistry
• Biological evaluation
• Chemistry of natural compounds
• Ideas in chemistry
• Molecular sciences
• Synthetic chemistry
• Innovative processes in organic chemistry
• Predictive tools
• Organic chemical reactions
• Electronic configurations of atoms
• Electronic configurations
• Wave properties of electrons
• Wave interactions
• Stereochemistry of alkanes
• Alkane conformations
• Chemical reactions
• Chlorination of Methane
• Chiral carbons
• Nonmobile conformers
• Alkyl Halides