TAILIEUCHUNG - The “Six Sins of GreenwashingTM” - A Study of Environmental Claims in North American Consumer Markets

In the spring of 2007, TerraChoice sent research teams into six category-leading big box stores with instructions to record every product-based environmental claim they observed. We instructed the teams that, for each environmental claim, they should identify the product, the nature of the claim, any supporting information, and any references offered for further information. After recording 1,753 environmental claims on 1,018 products (refer to Appendix A), we tested the claims against current best practices in environmental marketing. The sources for these best practices include the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)1, the Federal Trade Commission2, Environmental Protection Agency3, Consumers Union4,. | The Six Sins of Greenwashing A Study of Environmental Claims in North American Consumer Markets A Green Paper by TerraChoice Environmental Marketing Inc. November 2007 terrachoice environmental marketing Table of Contents Overview. 1 Research Defining and Quantifying the Six Sins of Sin of the Hidden Trade-Off. 2 Sin of No Sin of Vagueness. 3 Sin of Sin of Lesser of Two Evils. 4 Sin of Fibbing .4 Recommendations for Concerned Recommendations for Marketers. 7 Concluding Thoughts. 8 Appendix A Types of Products Reviewed Appendix B Eco-Labels Appendix C References The Six Sins Of Greenwashing The Six Sins of Greenwashing A Study of Environmental Claims in North American Consumer Markets Green-wash gren wosh -wôsh - verb the act of misleading consumers regarding the environmental practices of a company or the environmental benefits of a product or service. Overview The recent surge of environmental awareness in North America is unmistakable. It has been documented by many researchers and widely reported in the popular press. The rise in green marketing claims has also been well documented. Less studied is the apparent increase in greenwashing - false or misleading green marketing claims. In an effort to describe understand and quantify the growth of greenwashing TerraChoice Environmental Marketing Inc. conducted a survey of six category-leading big box stores. Through these surveys we identified 1 018 consumer products bearing 1 753 environmental claims. Of the 1 018 products examined all but one made claims that are demonstrably false or that risk misleading intended audiences. Based on the survey results we identified six patterns in the greenwashing which we now recognize as the Six Sins of Greenwashing . Of the 1 018 products reviewed all but one committed at least one of the Six Sins of Greenwashing. These findings suggest that greenwashing is pervasive the consequences of which are .

• Kỹ năng bán hàng
• patients’ concerns
• treatments and personal
• circumstances
• Microbial Pectic
• Wine Industry
• Quality Control
• BMC Cancer
• Head and neck Cancer
• Patient concerns inventory
• Quality of life
• Patient reported outcomes
• báo cáo khoa học
• báo cáo y học
• công trình nghiên cứu về y học
• tài liệu về y học
• cách trình bày báo cáo
• circumstance
• intensify efforts
• measure and regularly
• policy measures
• Psychological Impact
• Chronic Renal Failure
• Renal Replacement
• Uremic Diabetic
• Patients – Experience
• Republic of Macedonia
• báo cáo hóa học
• công trình nghiên cứu về hóa học
• tài liệu về hóa học
• Economic Efficiency
• Efficiency and Development
• Barriers
• Costs and Concerns
• Conclusions
• References And Resources