TAILIEUCHUNG - HPA axis responses to laboratory psychosocial stress in healthy elderly adults, younger adults, and children: impact of age and gender

Trends in needing help with such activities as housework or shopping may be due to changes in the physical abilities of the older population, but they may also be related to the availability of help in the house, either familial or paid, the availability of appliances, and the accessibility of transportation (1, 12). However, causes of trends in IADL functioning have not been apportioned to reasons residing in the person and reasons outside the person. The trends in what is termed ADL disability have not been nearly as consistent as those in IADL disability (31). Conflicting evidence has been provided by a number of researchers (18, 20, 47,. | ELSEVIER PNEC Psychoneuroendocrinology 29 2004 83-98 locate psyneuen HPA axis responses to laboratory psychosocial stress in healthy elderly adults younger adults and children impact of age and gender . Kudielkaa A. Buske-Kirschbaum b . Hellhammer b C. Kirschbaum c a Department of Behavioural Sciences Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Turnerstr. 1 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland b Department of Clinical and Theoretical Psychobiology University of Trier Karl-Marx-Str. 94-96 D-54290 Trier Germany c Department of Experimental Psychology University of Dusseldorf Universitãtsstr. 1 D-40225 Dãsseldorf Germany Received 17 July 2002 received in revised form 8 October 2002 accepted 5 November 2002 Abstract Data from five independent studies were reanalyzed in order to investigate the impact of age and gender on HPA axis responses to an acute psychosocial laboratory stress task. The total sample consisted of 102 healthy subjects with 30 older adults mean age y 41 young adults mean age y and 31 children mean age y . All participants were exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test TSST . The stress protocol caused highly significant ACTH and total plasma cortisol responses in older and younger male and female adults all p as well as salivary free cortisol responses in all six age and gender groups all p . Three-way ANOVAs for repeated measurement were applied to investigate the impact of age and gender on ACTH and cortisol responses. Results showed that the ACTH response to stress was higher in younger adults compared to older adults main effect p interaction p . Post hoc analyses revealed that there was no age effect in the subgroup of women p . while younger men had higher ACTH responses compared to older men p . For total plasma cortisol ANOVA results showed that the pattern of reactivity did not differ between age and gender groups all interactional effects p . although older females had hightened .

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