TAILIEUCHUNG - Chapter 102. Aplastic Anemia, Myelodysplasia, and Related Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes (Part 2)

Aplastic Anemia Definition Aplastic anemia is pancytopenia with bone marrow hypocellularity. Acquired aplastic anemia is distinguished from iatrogenic marrow aplasia, marrow hypocellularity after intensive cytotoxic chemotherapy for cancer. Aplastic anemia can also be constitutional: the genetic diseases Fanconi's anemia and dyskeratosis congenita, while frequently associated with typical physical anomalies and the development of pancytopenia early in life, can also present as marrow failure in normal-appearing adults. Acquired aplastic anemia is often stereotypical in its manifestations, with the abrupt onset of low blood counts in a previously well young adult; seronegative hepatitis or a course of an incriminated medical drug may precede. | Chapter 102. Aplastic Anemia Myelodysplasia and Related Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes Part 2 Aplastic Anemia Definition Aplastic anemia is pancytopenia with bone marrow hypocellularity. Acquired aplastic anemia is distinguished from iatrogenic marrow aplasia marrow hypocellularity after intensive cytotoxic chemotherapy for cancer. Aplastic anemia can also be constitutional the genetic diseases Fanconi s anemia and dyskeratosis congenita while frequently associated with typical physical anomalies and the development of pancytopenia early in life can also present as marrow failure in normal-appearing adults. Acquired aplastic anemia is often stereotypical in its manifestations with the abrupt onset of low blood counts in a previously well young adult seronegative hepatitis or a course of an incriminated medical drug may precede the onset. The diagnosis in these instances is uncomplicated. Sometimes blood count depression is moderate or incomplete resulting in anemia leukopenia and thrombocytopenia in some combination. Aplastic anemia is related to both paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria PNH Chap. 101 and to MDS and in some cases a clear distinction among these disorders may not be possible. Epidemiology The incidence of acquired aplastic anemia in Europe and Israel is two cases per million persons annually. In Thailand and China rates of five to seven per million have been established. In general men and women are affected with equal frequency but the age distribution is biphasic with the major peak in the teens and twenties and a second rise in the elderly. Etiology The origins of aplastic anemia have been inferred from several recurring clinical associations Table 102-2 unfortunately these relationships are not reliable in an individual patient and may not be etiologic. In addition while most cases of aplastic anemia are idiopathic little other than history separates these cases from those with a presumed etiology such as a drug exposure. Table 102-2 .

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• Aplastic Anemia
• Myelodysplasia
• Related Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes
• tài liệu học ngành y
• Harrisons Internal Medicine
• Severe aplastic anemia
• Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
• Conditioning regimen
• Iron overload
• Matched sibling donor
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• báo cáo y học
• công trình nghiên cứu về y học
• tài liệu về y học
• cách trình bày báo cáo
• medical books
• pharmacology
• epidemiologic
• Obstetrics
• anatomy
• Preventing Morbidity
• Multidisciplinary Care