TAILIEUCHUNG - The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Part 77

The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Part 77. In the past decade, Cognitive Linguistics has developed into one of the most dynamic and attractive frameworks within theoretical and descriptive linguistics The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics is a major new reference that presents a comprehensive overview of the main theoretical concepts and descriptive/theoretical models of Cognitive Linguistics, and covers its various subfields, theoretical as well as applied. | 730 SOTERIA SVOROU construction within a language Greenberg 1963 . Moreover there are more languages with postposed grams than there are languages with preposed grams Svorou 1994 . b. The boundedness of the relational gram. Relational grams may appear free as prepositions or postpositions or bound as prefixes and suffixes. While prepositions and postpositions exhibit low degree of fusion with the landmark noun forming a syntactic unit with it prefixes and suffixes may be either agglutinated or fused Bybee 1985 Svorou 1994 . Agglutinated relational grams retain their formal integrity without being affected by the morpho-phonological environment of the host as in the Abkhaz example in 5 . 5 Abkhaz Hewitt 1979 130 1 d@-s-p3 n-g@lo-w p He is standing in front of me Fused grams are characterized by allomorphy conditioned either phonologically or morphologically. They can be exemplified by case affixes found in inflectional languages like Ancient Greek where the dative case suffixes -a -e -o -i -oi -ais -ois -si have locative uses and the accusative case suffixes -an -e n -on -a -e -o -a s have allative uses. c. The host of the relational gram. Bound relational grams may be found in association with the landmark noun phrase or the verb of the sentence. Association with the landmark noun is characteristic of languages with dependent-marking morphology whereas association with the verb is characteristic of languages with head-marking morphology Nichols 1986 . d. Internal structure of the relational gram. Relational grams vary with respect to the number of morphemes that constitute them. They may be monomorphemic as the English prepositions in from and with or they may be complex forms consisting of a general relational morpheme and a more specific morpheme as in the English complex prepositions in front of in back of and instead of. The internal complexity of the gram is a function of the degree of grammaticalization of the gram as well as its .

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