TAILIEUCHUNG - Fundamentals of Machine Design P34

Variable loading in mechanical joints: Machine parts are often subjected to variable loading. In many cases pulsating or intermittent loads are applied from outside, for example, in punching press forces of very large magnitude is applied for a short while (impulsive force), in crank shafts variable loads act due to nature of force arising from combustion cycle in cylinders | Module 11 Design of Joints with Special Loading Version 2 ME IIT Kharagpur Lesson 3 Design of Joints with Variable Loading Version 2 ME IIT Kharagpur Instructional Objectives After reading this lesson the students should learn Design of a bolted joint with fluctuating loading Design of welded joints with variable loading 1. Variable loading in mechanical joints Machine parts are often subjected to variable loading. In many cases pulsating or intermittent loads are applied from outside for example in punching press forces of very large magnitude is applied for a short while impulsive force in crank shafts variable loads act due to nature of force arising from combustion cycle in cylinders. Often dynamic forces appear in the moving parts . inertia forces in machines and mechanisms forces due to unbalance of the rotating components etc. Since these forces are to be withstood by the joints care should be taken while designing a joint capable of resisting adequate load of variable magnitude. Design of two important mechanical joints is discussed below namely bolted and welded joints. 2. Bolted joints with variable loading Consider design of bolts to fasten a flat cover to a cylinder as shown in figure . In order to ensure leak proofness necessary pretension usually 2840 d in Newton while the nominal bolt diameter d is measured in millimeter is applied. Depending upon operating condition the pressure inside the closed cylinder is likely to vary in somewhat periodic manner. Let the minimum and maximum value of the pressure be pmn and pmax respectively. Version 2 ME IIT .

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