TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Introduction to computing systems (2/e): Chapter 19 - Yale N. Patt, Sanjay J. Patel

Chapter 19 - Data structures. After studying this chapter you will be able to understand: Structures in C, defining a struct, declaring and using a struct, defining and declaring at once, using typedef, generating code for structs, array of structs, pointer to struct,. | Chapter 19 Data Structures Data Structures A data structure is a particular organization of data in memory. We want to group related items together. We want to organize these data bundles in a way that is convenient to program and efficient to execute. An array is one kind of data structure. In this chapter, we look at two more: struct – directly supported by C linked list – built from struct and dynamic allocation 19- Structures in C A struct is a mechanism for grouping together related data items of different types. Recall that an array groups items of a single type. Example: We want to keep track of weather data for the past 100 days. For each day, we can define the following data: int highTemp; int lowTemp; double precip; double windSpeed; int windDirection; We can use a struct to group these data together for each day. 19- Defining a Struct We first need to define a new type for the compiler and tell it what our struct looks like. struct w_type { int highTemp; int lowTemp; double precip; double windSpeed; int windDirection; }; This tells the compiler how big our struct is and how the different data items (“members”) are laid out in memory. But it does not allocate any memory. 19- Declaring and Using a Struct To allocate memory for a struct, we declare a variable using our new data type. struct w_type day; Memory is allocated, and we can access individual members of this variable: = 32; = 22; A struct’s members are laid out in memory in the order specified by the struct definition. 32 22 19- Defining and Declaring at Once You can both define and declare a struct at the same time. struct w_type { int highTemp; int lowTemp; double precip; double windSpeed; int windDirection; } day; And you can still use the w_type name to declare other structs. struct w_type day2; 19- typedef C provides a way to define a data type by giving a new name

• Hệ điều hành
• Computing systems
• Introduction to computing systems
• Computing machines
• Computer organization
• Data structures
• Structures in C
• General purpose computers
• Data types
• Decimal numbers
• Digital logic structures
• Electronic ones
• The von Neumann Model
• Instruction cycle
• Operate instructions
• Data movement instructions
• LC 2 assembly language
• Assembly language instructions
• Device registers
• I O basics
• TRAP routines
• Privileged instructions
• Stack data structure
• Interrupt I O
• LC 3 instruction set architecture
• LC 3 data path
• Problem solving
• Structured programming
• Machine architecture
• Unsigned integers
• Von Neumann machine
• Instruction set architecture