TAILIEUCHUNG - Earthquake resistant design of underground structures and pipes

Underground Structures and Pipes can be analysed as slender structures completely embedded in the soil. For the dynamical analysis soil and structure can be investigated by decoupled structural models. The horizontal layer system of the soil is modeled as a shear beam while for the structure a flexural beam is used Both models will be finally coupled by elastic foundation. | T~p chi Ca h9c Journal of Mechanics, NCNST of Vietnam T. XVII, 1995, No 3 (5 - 11) EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT DESIGN OF UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES AND PIPES DIETER KRAUS University of the German Armed Forces Munich Werner Heisenberg Weg 99 8014 Neubiberg /Germany SUMMARY. Underground Structures and Pipes can be analysed as slender structures completely embedded in the soil. For the dynamical analysis soil and structure can be investigated by decoupled structural models. The horizontal layer system of the soil is modeled as a shear beam while for the structure a flexural beam is used Both models will be finally coupled by elastic foundation. 1. INTRODUCTION For an earthquake resistant design usually the following verifications have to be carried out: (1) Stress and strain in longitudinal direction of , due to the earthquake waves which are travelling through the soil The structure has to follow the displacements of the soil, this yields to bending moments, shear forces and axial forces in longitudinal direction. In cas~ of joints, the movements of the joints has to be determined to design the joint - construction. (2) Stress and strain in transverse direction of the s~ructure, due to the reduced internal friction of the soil. Depending on the vibrations the internal friction of the soil can significant decrease up to zero. This effect is called [1} "soilliquifaction, Since soil and structure move largely together, for the calculation in transverse direction the assumptions of the "earth pressure at rest" considering the actual internal friction can be used. 2. NOTATIONS x, 1Jr-Z :coordinates u, tJ : displace~ents strains e, 1: p : mass density E: modulus of elasticity of the soil G: modulus of shear of the soil p.: Poisson's ratio of the soil ell : Shear wave velocity Cp: compressional wave velocity ).; wave length n-th frequency fn : n-th circular frequency n-th mode participation factor of the n-th mode rn: D: damping ratio modal damping of the n-th .

• Kiến trúc - Xây dựng
• Journal of Mechanics
• Earthquake resistant design
• Underground structures and pipes
• The dynamical analysis soil
• The horizontal layer system
• Decoupled structural models
• Vietnam Journal of Mechanics
• Dang Dinh Ang
• Nonlinear analysis and mechanics
• Dynamic problems involving stationary cracks
• The Wiener Hopt technique
• Dual integral equations
• Dual integrals in non linear fracture mechanics
• Non linear fracture mechanics
• Energy release rate
• Discuss the obtained
• The alpha finite element method (αFEM)
• Solid mechanics using triangular and tetrahedral elements
• Suitable computational cost
• NS FEM makes
• The upper bound property
• Non linear constitutive problems in solid mechanics
• Non linear constitutive problems
• Languages Gibian and special operators
• The application FEM
• The cohesive crack growth in concrete beams in bending
• by Fracture mechanics and the finite element method
• The construction of the program CGPTROl
• Investigate two dimensional models
• Journal of technology and science education
• Self assessment exercises in continuum mechanics with autonomous learning
• Self assessment exercises in continuum mechanics
• Self assessment exercises
• Practice GRAPAU of the RIMA Project
• Standard gradient models and crack simulation
• Standard gradient models
• The propagation of cracks
• Damage mechanics and crack simulation
• The interaction between two parametric excitations
• The second and third degrees
• The asymptotic method of nonlinear mechanics
• Dynamic system governed
• Flight mechanics experiment onboard nasa’s zero gravity aircraft
• Method to promote STEM
• Microgravity programs with NASA
• Hands on experimental design
• Reduced gravity program with NASA
• Methodology for developing teaching activities and materials
• Developing teaching activities and materials
• Fluid mechanics courses
• Undergraduate engineering programs
• Duality in the analysis of responses to nonlinear systems
• The analysis of responses
• The original nonlinear systems
• The study of nonlinear mechanics
• Aerodynamics of a wing in surface effect ship
• Theory and experiment
• Wing in surface effect ship
• The aerodynamic characteristics
• The Institute of Mechanics
• The error estimate
• The convergence rate for h
• p refinement
• The finite element analysis
• Three dimensional elastostatic mechanics problems
• Some initial experimental results
• Free water layer formation in horizontal pipes
• Water layer formation
• Hanoi Institute of Mechanics
• Bending vibration of beam elements under moving loads
• Considering vehicle braking forces
• Fluctuations of structures
• Beam elements according
• Continuous element for vibration analysis
• Thick shells of revolution
• Continous Element Method
• Finite element solutions
• Natural frequencies and harmonic responses
• Cast3m implementation of the extended finite element method
• The extended finite element method for cohesive crack
• Quasi brittle materia
• The proposed implementation
• The displacement discontinuities
• Buckling analysis of simply supported composite laminates subjected
• In plane compression load
• A novel mesh ffree method
• Alternative numerical technique
• Mesh free method
• A three story building
• Hedge algebras based fuzzy controller
• The structural system
• The El Centro earthquake
• Three story building against earthquake
• Laminar separation phenomenon combining with numerical calculations
• The turbulent separation
• The laminar separation
• Experimental study on mechanical properties
• Three phase polymer composite reinforced
• Glass fibers and titanium oxide particles
• Polymer composite reinforced
• Three phase composite
• Dynamic characteristics of elastically supported beam subjected
• A compressive axial force and a moving load
• The implicit Newmark method
• The Galerkin finite element method
• The axial force
• Eccentrically stiffened functionally graded plates and shallow shells
• Von Karman Donnell sense
• The formulation of governing equations
• The classical shell theory
• Mathematical modelling and control of the evolution
• Dynamic systems interacting with medium
• Mathematical modeling evolutional systems interacting
• Two conjugate mechanical subsystems
• Evaluating structural safety based on fuzzy set theory
• Evaluating structural safety
• The fuzzy reliability
• Simple beam structure