TAILIEUCHUNG - OPEN INNOVATION AND NANOTECHNOLOGY - AN OPPORTUNITY FOR TRADITIONAL INDUSTRIES

Typically the processes are adapted from wood processing which benefit from the larger mill size (Paper I). However, concerns associated with the local availability of non-wood raw material force pulp mills to remain small and thus lead to the need for processes to be as simple as possible in order to be competitive unless very valuable by-products can also be extracted. The benefits of utilising agro-fibres are their generally lower lignin content compared with woods (Grant 1958, Hurter 1988). Generally, non-woods are easier to pulp and thus are cooked at low temperatures with lower chemical charge. From a farming and. | virion ERA-NET SHARED KNOWLEDGE BASES FOR SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION POLICIES OPEN INNOVATION AND NANOTECHNOLOGY - AN OPPORTUNITY FOR TRADITIONAL INDUSTRIES Tuomo Nikulainen M. Sc. in Economics Etlatieto Ltd. ETLA The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy Lonnrotinkatu 4 B 00120 Helsinki Finland TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. 2. LIFE CYCLES AND R D . Industry life . Technology life . R D collaboration and absorptive 3. THE FINNISH PULP AND PAPER . Technological change in the paper and pulp . Nanotechnology and pulp and paper 4. DATA AND . Technology life 2 . R D . Challenges in adopting 5. APPENDIX I - Detailed technology classifications VƯIOÍI ERA-NET Abstract This paper focuses on assessing modes of R D collaboration and technological lifecycles in the Finnish pulp and paper industry. This traditional and mature industry is currently going through changes due to market and technological developments. By observing industrial and technological lifecycles this paper aims to establish to what extent these changes affect the R D collaboration networks in the industry. The paper also provides insight how the incumbents in this industry change their innovation activities in the face of new science-based technology - nanotechnology. The quantitative and qualitative results suggest that the Finnish pulp and paper industry is adapting to the changing innovation environment by increasing in-ternal R D investments and extending and diversifying their R D collaboration networks. The results also indicate that nanotechnology is seen as a potential new source of business for the pulp and paper industry but requires investments to absorptive capacity in order to take advantage of new .

• Hoá dầu
• Epigenetic Chromatin
• Regulators as Mediators
• Molecular Determinants
• High Fertility
• Systems Biology
• Understanding Male
• BMC Bioinformatics
• Histone marks
• Chromatin modifications
• Epigenetic signatures
• Artificial neural networks
• Hebbian learning
• Understanding epigenetic regulations
• Human skeletal muscular
• B lymphocyte cells
• BMC Molecular and Cell Biology
• Chromatin structure
• Fluorescence microscopy
• Live cell imaging
• Epigenetic inheritance
• BMC Genomics
• FFPE tissues
• Chromatin extraction
• Epigenetic dysregulation
• Various human diseases
• Genome Biology
• Topologically associating domain
• Single cell domain
• Chromatin folding
• Chromatin compaction
• Image based spatial genomics
• Multiplexed sequential fluorescence
• Hematopoietic stem cell
• Chromatin architecture
• Chromosome 11
• Nuclear envelope protein LaminA/C
• Monoclonal antibodies
• Chinese hamster ovary
• Epigenetic gene silencing
• Chromatin opening element
• Sodium butyrate
• Valproic acid
• Epigenetic patterns
• Chromatin state
• Genome browser
• Web app
• ChIP seq
• RNA seq
• Emission and Function
• Volatile Organic
• Compounds in Response
• Abiotic Stress
• including existing
• pharmaceutical policies
• market situations