TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: "STRUCTURE OF SENTENCE AND INFERENCING IN QUESTION ANSWERING"

First of all, the criteria are described that are used to identify the elementary units of undering structure and the operations conoining them into complex units (), t h e n t h e m a i n t y p e s o f ~ n ~ t s and o p e r a t i o n s resulting from an empirical investigation on t h e b a s i s o f t h e c r i t e r i a are registered ( S e c t . 2 ) ,. | STRUCTURE OF SENTENCE AND INFERENCING IN QUESTION ANSWERING Eva HajiSovA and Petr Sgall Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Malostranské n. 25 118 00 Praha 1 Czechoslovakia ABSTRACT In the present paper we characterize in more detail some of the aspects of a question answering system using as its starting point the underlying structure of sentences which with some approaches can be Identified with the level of meaning or of logical form . First of all the criteria are described that are used to identify the elementary units of underlying structure and the operations conjoining them into complex units then the main types of units and operations resulting from an empirical investigation on the basis of the criteria are registered and finally the rules of inference accounting for the relevant aspects of the relationship between linguistic and cognitive structures are Illustrated . 1 A system of natural language understanding may gain an advantage from using the underlying structure of sentences which with some approaches can be Identified with the level of meaning or of logical form as one of Its starting points J Instead of working with word specific roles. Arguments for such a standpoint which were presented In Haji-ỗovA and Sgall 1980 include the following two main points a natural language Is universal . its structure makes it possible to express an unlimited number of assertions questions etc. by finite means once Its underlying tectogrammatical structure Is known It Is possible to use It as an output language of natural language analysis in man-machine communication and thus without any Intellectual effort on the side of the user to ensure the functioning of automatic question answering systems or of systems of dialogues with robots etc. even If many simplifications have been Included Into such a system It Is then known what has been simplified and It Is possible to remove the simplifications whenever necessary . if

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