TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: "Correcting Dependency Annotation Errors"

Building on work detecting errors in dependency annotation, we set out to correct local dependency errors. To do this, we outline the properties of annotation errors that make the task challenging and their existence problematic for learning. For the task, we define a feature-based model that explicitly accounts for non-relations between words, and then use ambiguities from one model to constrain a second, more relaxed model. In this way, we are successfully able to correct many errors, in a way which is potentially applicable to dependency parsing more generally. . | Correcting Dependency Annotation Errors Markus Dickinson Indiana University Bloomington IN USA md7@ Abstract Building on work detecting errors in dependency annotation we set out to correct local dependency errors. To do this we outline the properties of annotation errors that make the task challenging and their existence problematic for learning. For the task we define a feature-based model that explicitly accounts for non-relations between words and then use ambiguities from one model to constrain a second more relaxed model. In this way we are successfully able to correct many errors in a way which is potentially applicable to dependency parsing more generally. 1 Introduction and Motivation Annotation error detection has been explored for part-of-speech POS syntactic constituency semantic role and syntactic dependency annotation see Boyd et al. 2008 and references therein . Such work is extremely useful given the harmfulness of annotation errors for training including the learning of noise . Hogan 2007 Habash et al. 2007 and for evaluation . Padro and Marquez 1998 . But little work has been done to show the full impact of errors or what types of cases are the most damaging important since noise can sometimes be overcome cf. Osborne 2002 . Likewise it is not clear how to learn from consistently misannotated data studies often only note the presence of errors or eliminate them from evaluation . Hogan 2007 and a previous attempt at correction was limited to POS annotation Dickinson 2006 . By moving from annotation error detection to error correction we can more fully elucidate ways in which noise can be overcome and ways it cannot. We thus explore annotation error correction and its feasibility for dependency annotation a form of annotation that provides argument relations among words and is useful for training and testing dependency parsers . Nivre 2006 McDonald and Pereira 2006 . A recent innovation in dependency parsing relevant here is to

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• Annotation Errors
• Markus Dickinson
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