TAILIEUCHUNG - The Principles of SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT 1910

The Level 2 interviews gave some insight into why some countries may have stalled in the progress with adoption of the integrated approach (Box ). A central objective of the integrated approach to water resources management is to ensure increased coordination in development planning between water managers and the various development planners. An indicator of the adoption of the integrated approach is the extent to which water is included in the various planning documents to be found at national or federal level. Considering three of the most widely used plans (Poverty Reduction Strategies, National Strategy for Sustainable Development and National Environmental Action Plan) and discounting those who said the plan was not. | Frederick Winslow Taylor The Principles of SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT 1910 Ch. 2 The Principles of Scientific Management excerpts Under the old type of management success depends almost entirely upon getting the initiative of the workmen and it is indeed a rare case in which this initiative is really attained. Under scientific management Library of Congress Taylor 1911 the initiative of the workmen that is their hard work their good-will and their ingenuity is obtained with absolute uniformity and to a greater extent than is possible under the old system and in addition to this improvement on the part of the men the managers assume new burdens new duties and responsibilities never dreamed of in the past. The managers assume for instance the burden of gathering together all of the traditional knowledge which in the past has been possessed by the workmen and then of classifying tabulating and reducing this knowledge to rules laws and formula which are immensely helpful to the workmen in doing their daily work. In addition to developing a science in this way the management take on three other types of duties which involve new and heavy burdens for themselves. These new duties are grouped under four heads First. They develop a science for each element of a man s work which replaces the old rule- of-thumb method. Second. They scientifically select and then train teach and develop the workman whereas in the past he chose his own work and trained himself as best he could. Third. They heartily cooperate with the men so as to insure all of the work being done in accordance with the principles of the science which has been developed. Fourth. There is an almost equal division of the work and the responsibility between the management and the workmen. The management take over all work for which they are better fitted than the workmen while in the past almost all of the work and the greater part of the responsibility were thrown upon the men. Excerpted and photographs added by the .

• Môi trường
• research purposes
• research donor
• healthy volunteer
• integrated internationa
• catchments and coastal areas
• implementation
• Effectiveness of Assisted
• Reproduction Techniques
• Premature and Sick Newborn
• Long Term Effects
• Breastfeeding
• Breastfeeding and Infant Growth
• faculty and graduating
• carefully revised
• Pathogenic microorganisms
• defense mechanisms
• Multiple Types
• carefully revised and presented
• reformed physicians