TAILIEUCHUNG - U.S. EXPERIENCE WITH SPRINKLERS AND OTHER AUTOMATIC FIRE EXTINGUISHING EQUIPMENT

Automatic sprinklers are highly effective elements of total system designs for fire protection in buildings. They save lives and property, producing large reductions in the number of deaths per thousand fires, in average direct property damage per fire, and especially in the likelihood of a fire with large loss of life or large property loss. When sprinklers are present in the fire area, they operate in 93% of all reported structure fires large enough to activate sprinklers, excluding buildings under construction. When they operate, they are effective 97% of the time, resulting in a combined performance of. | . EXPERIENCE WITH SPRINKLERS AND OTHER AUTOMATIC FIRE EXTINGUISHING EQUIPMENT John R. Hall Jr. February 2010 UJ NFPA National Fire Protection Association Fire Analysis and Research Division . EXPERIENCE WITH SPRINKLERS AND OTHER AUTOMATIC FIRE EXTINGUISHING EQUIPMENT John R. Hall Jr. February 2010 National Fire Protection Association Fire Analysis and Research Division Abstract Automatic sprinklers are highly effective elements of total system designs for fire protection in buildings. They save lives and property producing large reductions in the number of deaths per thousand fires in average direct property damage per fire and especially in the likelihood of a fire with large loss of life or large property loss. When sprinklers are present in the fire area they operate in 93 of all reported structure fires large enough to activate sprinklers excluding buildings under construction. When they operate they are effective 97 of the time resulting in a combined performance of operating effectively in 91 of reported fires where sprinklers were present in the fire area and fire was large enough to activate sprinklers. In homes including apartments wet-pipe sprinklers operated effectively 96 of the time. When wet-pipe sprinklers are present in structures that are not under construction and excluding cases of failure or ineffectiveness because of a lack of sprinklers in the fire area the fire death rate per 1 000 reported structure fires is lower by 83 for home fires where most structure fire deaths occur and the rate of property damage per reported structure fire is lower by 40-70 for most property uses. In homes including apartments wet-pipe sprinklers were associated with a 74 lower average loss per fire. Also when sprinklers are present in structures that are not under construction and excluding cases of failure or ineffectiveness because of a lack of sprinklers in the fire area 95 of reported structure fires have flame damage confined to the room of origin .

• Tiếng Anh thương mại
• Temperature Storage
• Cryopreservation
• Human Spermatozoa
• Vitrification
• Canadian Experience
• Lethal Osmotic
• UHT milk
• Storage temperature
• Storage time
• Storage time temperature abuse
• Microbiological quality
• Calcium chloride
• Chitosan and low temperature storage
• Low temperature storage
• PLW and marketability
• Strawberry cv Camarosa
• Enteral formula
• High protein
• Packaging materials
• Storage temperature on shelf life attributes
• Ambient and refrigerated storage condition
• Refrigerated storage condition
• Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L
• Edible colour
• Pollen storage
• In vitro pollen germination
• Storage media
• In vitro pollen germination in mango
• In vitro
• Species and germination
• Citrus species
• Storage duration
• Leucaena leucocephala germination
• Seed germination
• Storage temperature and Container
• Leucaena leucocephala
• Duration on germination
• Storage container
• Packaging material
• Storage temperature and Tuberose
• Storage life of Tuberose
• Polianthes tuberosa L
• Different packaging materials
• Boar spermatozoa
• Liquid storage
• Plasma membrane integrity
• Mitochondrial activity
• Antioxidant activity
• Ascorbic acid
• Bio chemical changes
• Nuclear engineering and technology
• Allowable peak heat up cladding temperature
• Spent fuel integrity during interim dry storage
• Hydride induced fracture
• Terminal cool down temperature
• Low temperature
• S inferens
• Pupal duration
• Ambient temperature
• Pupal period prolonged significantly
• Sodium bi carbonate on storage life
• Sodium bi carbonate
• Storage life
• Quality of kinnow fruits
• Kinnow fruits at low temperature storage
• Chitosan coating
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• Ripening behaviour
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• Quick ripening causes loosening
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• Osmotic dehydrated ripe sapota slices
• Storage period on physico chemical attributes
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• Chicken breast fillets kept
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• oxycarpa
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• Germination percentage