TAILIEUCHUNG - WORLDWIDE EMISSIONS STANDARDS PASSENGER CARS AND LIGHT DUTY VEHICLES 2011/2012

Solar energy refers primarily to the use of solar radiation for practical ends. However, all renewable energies, other than geothermal and tidal, derive their energy from the sun. Solar technologies are broadly characterized as either passive or active depending on the way they capture, convert and distribute sunlight. Active solar techniques use photovoltaic panels, pumps, and fans to convert sunlight into useful outputs. Passive solar techniques include selecting materials with favorable thermal properties, designing spaces that naturally circulate air, and referencing the position of a building to the Sun. Active solar technologies increase the supply of energy and are. | Worldwide Emissions Standards Passenger Cars and Light Duty Vehicles DGLPHI Innovation for the Real World 2011 2012 Less is really more. With Delphi s Brushless Fuel Pumps. Delphi s new brushless fuel pumps feature an innovative electronically commutated three phase motor that eliminates the need for mechanical brushes the most common cause of conventional fuel pump wear and failure. The advanced design of the fuel pumps reduces power consumption and helps limit CO2 emissions while providing significant fuel flow efficiency. And our brushless fuel pumps offer excellent value too Less really is much more with Delphi s new brushless fuel pumps for gasoline and diesel applications. For all the exciting details visit eb-brushless DCLPHI Innovation for the Real World Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 WW Testing Procedures Standards 3 I Exhaust Emissions Standards Economic Commission for Europe 4-5 European Union Type Approval Vehicle Categories 7 Euro 1 Euro 2 8-9 Euro 3 Euro 4 10-12 Diesel Smoke 13 Euro 5 Euro 6 15-21 Driving Cycle 22 US Federal Light Duty Vehicles 24 Clean Air Act Amendments 25 Tier II Standard 26-28 Driving Cycles 29-30 California LEV 1 32 LEV 2 33-34 Non-Methane Organic Gases 35-37 CARB OBD II - Diesel Vehicles 65-68 Supplemental Federal Test Procedure 38-39 Fuel Consumption - CO2 Emissions 70-76 Driving Cycles 40 Japan Fuels Gasoline Limits 42 EU Market Fuels 77-78 Diesel Limits 43 EU Reference Test Fuels 79-80 Other Requirements 44-45 US Reference Test Fuels 81-82 Driving Cycles 46-47 South Korea 49 Evaporative Emissions Standards Brazil 50-51 Conventional US EU Test Procedures 83 Other Areas of the World 52-54 Enhanced Evaporative Emissions 85-86 On-board Refuelling Vapour Recovery 87 Emissions Related Requirements European On-board Diagnostics Motorcycles Euro 3 Euro 4 56 EU 89-91 Euro 5 Euro 6 57-58 US Federal California 92 US On-Board Diagnostics Other Areas of the World 93-95 EPA OBD II 60 CARB OBD II - All Vehicles 61 Glossary

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