TAILIEUCHUNG - The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies Part 13

Tham khảo tài liệu 'the handbook of science and technology studies part 13', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 826 Adam M. Hedgecoe and Paul A. Martin of that competition cashed out in terms of patents and testing licenses both for patients their representatives and clinical practice in the cancer clinic Parthasarathy 2003 Bourret 2005 and for national differences over genetic privacy Parthasarathy 2004 and genetic testing cultures Parthasarathy 2005 Gibbon 2002 . If the case of the BRCA1 and 2 genes and breast cancer is to be seen as encapsulating expectations concerning genetic testing for complex diseases then as in cystic fibrosis STS teaches caution about simplistic assumptions regarding the delivery of such testing. A related point is made by Nelis 2000 in a comparative study of the management of uncertainty in genetic testing services in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom where she argued that the construction of expectations and the management of the future are shaped by the structure of the local networks. In focusing on specific technologies rather than conditions research has revealed just how much effort it takes to get a new form of testing or therapy into the clinic Martin 1999 Hedgecoe 2003 Hedgecoe Martin 2003 Hedgecoe 2004 . Partly this may be because of the tendency of STS research unlike say medical sociology to focus on knowledge at the expense of practice yet even when a clinical intervention has been available for some time there is still considerable flexibility over how it is seen in the lab in the clinic and by patients Rapp 2000 . New molecular techniques are incorporated into existing clinical practices rather than sweeping them aside in a revolution Nukaga 2002 . The range of conditions explored in this work and the limitations faced by these technologies when they enter the clinic highlight the point that very few of the expectations that were used to justify the HGP have been realized to date with almost all the new clinical techniques restricted to established genetic niches. REPRESENTATION AND CULTURE OF GENOMICS It is when debates around

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