TAILIEUCHUNG - Gale Encyclopedia Of American Law 3Rd Edition Volume 10 P25

Gale Encyclopedia of American Law Volume 10 P25 fully illuminates today's leading cases, major statutes, legal terms and concepts, notable persons involved with the law, important documents and more. Legal issues are fully discussed in easy-to-understand language, including such high-profile topics as the Americans with Disabilities Act, capital punishment, domestic violence, gay and lesbian rights, physician-assisted suicide and thousands more. | 228 VETO select particular items from an appropriations bill and veto them individually. This authority called the line-item veto is popular because it allows the executive to cancel specific appropriations items from bills that are hundreds of pages long. The legislature can override the veto by a two-thirds majority vote. In the 1980s and early 1990s Presidents ronald reagan and george . bush called for a constitutional amendment that would provide the president with a line-item veto. After years of debate Congress rejected the idea of enacting such an amendment and instead approved federal line-item veto authority in a 1996 statute known as the Line-Item Veto Act 2 . 691-692 . The act gave the president the ability to cancel individual tax and spending measures included in federal legislation. Members of Congress who were opposed to the act immediately filed a federal lawsuit arguing that the act was unconstitutional. In Raines v. Byrd 521 . 811 117 . 2312 138 849 1997 the supreme court concluded that the plaintiffs did not have standing to bring the action and dismissed the case. A key point in the ruling was that a plaintiff had to show an actual injury resulting from the law. The senators and representatives had argued that the constitutional separation of powers had been violated by the act but the Court found that this was not an actual injury. Therefore the supreme Court had no jurisdiction. Two groups of plaintiffs then filed suit arguing that they had been injured. one group included the City of New York two hospital associations one hospital and two unions that represented health care employees. They challenged a line-item veto that President bill clinton had made in the 1997 Balanced Budget Act. The other group was the snake River potato Growers inc. which consisted of approximately 30 potato growers located throughout idaho. The collective opposed President Clinton s cancellation of a provision of the Taxpayer Relief Act of .

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