TAILIEUCHUNG - ANALYTIC SOLUTIONS OF ELASTIC TUNNELING PROBLEMS Phần 2

Tunneling trong môi trường đô thị đòi hỏi dự đoán của các phong trào bề mặt để lừa các hiệu ứng trên các cấu trúc gần đó. | Part I INTRODUCTION AND THEORY 1 Chapter I INTRODUCTION Tunneling in urban environments requires the prediction of surface movements in order to asses possible effects on nearby structures. Currently the most commonly used means of making these predictions has been the application of empirical formulas such as the one by Peck 24 . Several analytic models have also been proposed for this purpose 28 30 40 which are based at least in part on linearly elastic models of soil and which include the effect of the free soil surface in an approximate fashion. Sagaseta 28 showed that an incompressible linearly elastic model is appropriate for describing undrained soil behavior. Elastic models however may also be appropriate for drained cases if the stresses remain such that soil plasticity is limited. Another issue facing the designers of tunnels is the determination of the strength of the tunnel lining based on the stress induced on the lining by the surrounding material. For tunnels excavated in rock most of these calculations are based on linearly elastic solutions for infinitely deep circular tunnels 37 elasto-plastic solutions for infinitely deep circular tunnels 11 7 or variations of these models 45 4 . Solutions for shallow tunnels modeled as stressed or stress-free circular holes in elastic half-planes were obtained by Jefferey 15 andMindlin 18 19 respectively and have also been used for this purpose. The stresses on tunnels excavated in soil are often determined by means of spring models representing tunnel-soil interactions 9 or by empirical approaches such as presented by Peck 24 . Both of the above issues will be treated in this thesis through means of analytic linearly-elastic solutions for shallow circular tunnels. These twodimensional solutions fully take into account the effects of the stress-free surface and the so-called buoyancy effects which arise as a result of the unloading of the material under the tunnel during excavation. Both effects are key elements

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