TAILIEUCHUNG - BRINGING FARMERS BACK INTO BREEDING - Chapter 10

CONSOLIDATING FARMER'S ROLES BREEDING IN NEPAL IN PARTICIPATORY MAIZE Maize (Zea mays) is an important crop for the hill people of Nepal. According to official statistics 59% of the area used for maize in Nepal is planted with improved varieties | 10 Consolidating Farmer s Roles in Participatory Maize Breeding in Nepal by Sharmila Sunwar1 Lal Kumari Basnet2 Chetman Khatri2 Madhu Subedi Pratap Shrestha1 Sanjaya Gyawali1 Bharat Bhandari1 Resham Gautam1 and Bhuwon Sthapit3 1 Local Initiatives for Biodiversity Research and Development LI-BIRD Bastolathar PO Box No. 324 Pokhara Kaski Nepal Fax 977-61-526834 email info@ 2 Farmer breeders farmer research committees Simichaur and Darbar Devisthan VDCs respectively Gulmi District Nepal 3 International Plant Genetic Resource Institute Asia Pacific and Oceania IPGRI-APO Introduction Origin of the initiative Maize Zea mays is an important crop for the hill people of Nepal. According to official statistics 59 of the area used for maize in Nepal is planted with improved varieties yet the replacement rate of the seed is very low 1 . These improved varieties are mainly used in the more fertile low-lying Terai areas. Maize production systems in the western hills of Nepal particularly in the districts of Palpa Gulmi Arghakhanchi and Pyuthan fig. 1 are set in unique geo-physical environments which differ from Nepal s other maize growing areas. These areas are remote and the district head quarters main villages are only accessible by road in the winter season. Farmers in these areas have poor access to improved genetic materials and information. In the past 10 years only 16 tons seed of modern maize varieties were distributed by the formal system to cover an estimated 58 000 ha of maize area Kadayat . 1997 . In addition the existing research system has not addressed location-specific problems and hence the impact of the formal research system is very limited. This is reflected in the relatively small area planted with improved maize varieties Table 1 . Building on an earlier participatory variety selection programmeLI-BIRD Local Initiatives for Biodiversity Research and Development identified the possibility of addressing these .

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