TAILIEUCHUNG - Tài liệu Word formation in English

This chapter introduces basic concepts needed for the study and description of morphologically complex words. Since this is a book about the particular branch of morphology called word- formation, we will first take a look at the notion of ‘word’. We will then turn to a first analysis of the kinds of phenomena that fall into the domain of word-formation, before we finally discuss how word-formation can be distinguished from the other sub-branch of morphology, inflection. | Word-formation in English by Ingo Plag Universität Siegen in press Cambridge University Press Series ‘Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics’ Draft version of September 27, 2002 i TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 1. Basic concepts 4 . What is a word? 4 . Studying word-formation 12 . Inflection and derivation 18 . Summary 23 Further reading 23 Exercises 24 2. Studying complex words 25 . Identifying morphemes 25 . The morpheme as the minimal linguistic sign 25 . Problems with the morpheme: the mapping of form and meaning 27 . Allomorphy 33 . Establishing word-formation rules 38 . Multiple affixation 50 . Summary 53 Further reading 54 Exercises 55 3. Productivity and the mental lexicon 551 . Introduction: What is productivity? 551 . Possible and actual words 561 . Complex words in the lexicon 59 . Measuring productivity 64 1 Pages 55-57 appear twice due to software-induced layout-alterations that occur when the word for windows files are converted into PDF. ii . Constraining productivity 73 . Pragmatic restrictions 74 . Structural restrictions 75 . Blocking 79 . Summary 84 Further reading 85 Exercises 85 4. Affixation 90 . What is an affix? 90 . How to investigate affixes: More on methodology 93 . General properties of English affixation 98 . Suffixes 109 . Nominal suffixes 109 . Verbal suffixes 116 . Adjectival suffixes 118 . Adverbial suffixes 123 . Prefixes 123 . Infixation 127 . Summary 130 Further reading 131 Exercises 131 5. Derivation without affixation 134 . Conversion 134 . The directionality of conversion 135 . Conversion or zero-affixation? 140 . Conversion: Syntactic or morphological? 143 . Prosodic morphology 145 . Truncations: Truncated names, -y diminutives and clippings 146 . Blends 150 iii . Abbreviations .

• Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh
• Productivity
• Possible and actual words
• Pragmatic restrictions
• Structural restrictions
• Blocking
• Further reading
• Exercises
• Skilled and unskilled labor
• Skilled labor productivity
• Unskilled labor productivity
• Self explanatory patterns with distributive interruptions
• Productivity on the wage level
• Labour productivity at Vietnam
• Labour productivity
• Causes of low labour productivity
• Solutions to increase labour productivity at Vietnam
• Transition of economic structure
• Economic development model
• Bài viết nghiên cứu khoa học
• Estimating lost labor productivity
• Construction claims
• Lost productivity
• Identify Lost Productivity Estimating Methodologies
• Recovery of Lost Productivity Cost
• Labour productivity improvement model
• Productivity improvement model
• Literacy campaigns
• Productivity planning
• The labour productivity
• Quantitative model
• Productivity agricultural productivity
• Increase the agricultural productivit
• Quantitative model of related factors
• Agricultural productivity
• Manufacturing enterprises of Nepal
• Productivity awareness among the employees
• Labour productivity programs
• These enterprises
• Livestock and biomarker
• Role of miRNA signatures
• Health and productivity
• Productivity of livestock
• Health and productivity in animals
• Production and productivity
• Trends of area
• Productivity of linseed
• Agricultural mechanization in recent years
• Instability analysis
• Productivity and production
• Production of cardamom
• Productivity of cardamom
• Cluster demonstration
• Augment productivity
• Augment productivity in Blackgram
• Approach to augment productivity
• Farmers in the region
• Modelling of a conveyor belt system for optimal productivity
• Simulation of a conveyor belt system for optimal productivity
• Conveyor belt system for optimal productivity
• Conveyor belt system
• Productivity and spices
• Higher productivity
• Higher productivity in seed spices
• Irrigation management
• Successful production
• Water productivity
• Irrigation frequencies
• Date of planting on water productivity
• Two potato cultivars
• Summary of Doctoral Dissertation
• Summary of Doctoral Dissertation Economics
• Labor productivity
• Factors affecting labor productivity
• Food industry
• Mining industry
• Calculating labor productivity
• Factor productivity
• Mine productivity index (MPI)
• Human management system
• Market economy
• Whether locatin withinin dustrial parks raises productivity
• Manufacturing firms? Evidences from Vietnam
• Dustrial parks raises productivity
• Firms labor productivity
• IP locating firm
• Fertigation for effective nutrition
• Effective nutrition
• Higher productivity in banana
• Problems of decreased productivity
• Data envelopment analysis
• Productivity change
• Productivity gap
• Competition for input resources
• Luenberger Productivity Index
• Carbon isotope discrimination
• Irrigation water productivity
• Winter wheat
• Irrigation regimes
• Carbon isotope
• Irrigation water productivity of wheat
• Growth rate
• Cotton crop in selected
• Productivity of cotton crop
• Growth in area
• Polynomial models
• Trend in area
• Important cash crops
• Productivity and export
• Variability in area
• Productivity and export of mango
• Export of mango
• Period was divided into
• Date of sowing
• Irrigation scheduling
• Crop productivity and moth bean
• Productivity of moth bean
• Summer moth bean
• Turmeric equivalent agroforestry
• Dynamics of water productivity
• Agriculture and agroforestry land
• Agroforestry land use system in jabalpur
• Front line demonstration
• Farmers practice
• Impact of front line demonstrations
• Line demonstrations on productivity
• Productivity of Brinjal