TAILIEUCHUNG - E-Human Resource Management 22

E-Human Resource Management 22. This book is presented in four sections — the first intended to be more general in nature, the following three devoted to specific aspects of the HRM field in the new information era. Section I, The Cutting-Edge in HRM, presents an overview of how ITCs are modifying general HRM processes and functions. This is the aim of the first three contributions. | E-Learning Strategies of Italian Companies 175 3. Motivation and retention of talented employees through customization and learning on demand. The delivery of online courses fitting personal learning style seems to enhance the learning experience. Learning on demand and free choice ofcourses may also develop employees employability. Recent debate is questioning why these benefits are not accomplished yet why there are more failures than successes in achieving economic and quality benefits Prandstraller 2001 . One main question to address is that the adoption of e-learning is not a rational choice but an ambiguous decision process characterized by opaqueness or lack of clarity surrounding an organizational assessment of an innovation Abrahamson Rosenkopf 1993 p. 494 . As a company cannot evaluate the technical efficiency or the returns ofan innovation because of ambiguity ofgoals of means-end relationships and environment March Olsen 1976 it will rely more on social as opposed to economic factors in order to decide whether to adopt an innovation or not. Considering the innovation of e-learning we may find that ambiguity does matter. Doubtless there is a codification of best practices process going on within the international e-learning marketplace. It is driven by academic studies research centers Astd Idc Masie etc. and providers and it is also facilitated by the actions of standardizing groups AICC IEEE Ltsc EU Ariadne project ADL Rosenberg 2001 and by the emergence of shareable courseware object reference models reusable learning objects . This codification process of e-learning best practices seems to make it easier to identify both strategies dimensions and advantages. Considering this process managerial literature and research centers Astd Masie IDC maintain that a company can rationally identify the best e-learning model and decide which to adopt after evaluating the ROI of this type of investment. But even if the standardization process does seem to help .

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