TAILIEUCHUNG - Chapter 138. Moraxella Infections (Part 3)

Other Moraxella Species Other Moraxella species are occasional causes of a wide range of infections, including bronchitis, pneumonia, empyema, endocarditis, meningitis, conjunctivitis, endophthalmitis, urinary tract infection, septic arthritis, and wound infection. In a report on all Moraxella isolates submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention between 1953 and 1980, certain clinical associations were apparent (Table 138-2). M. osloensis and M. nonliquefaciens, the most commonly isolated species, were cultured from various normally sterile body sites, including blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and joints. M. osloensis was the Moraxella species most frequently isolated from blood; M. nonliquefaciens tended to be isolated. | Chapter 138. Moraxella Infections Part 3 Other Moraxella Species Other Moraxella species are occasional causes of a wide range of infections including bronchitis pneumonia empyema endocarditis meningitis conjunctivitis endophthalmitis urinary tract infection septic arthritis and wound infection. In a report on all Moraxella isolates submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention between 1953 and 1980 certain clinical associations were apparent Table 138-2 . M. osloensis and M. nonliquefaciens the most commonly isolated species were cultured from various normally sterile body sites including blood cerebrospinal fluid and joints. M. osloensis was the Moraxella species most frequently isolated from blood M. nonliquefaciens tended to be isolated from the ears nose or throat 47 or the sputum 8 and has since been implicated as a cause of conjunctivitis and keratitis. M. urethralis was isolated most often from urine and the genital tract and probably represents the Moraxella species implicated previously in urethritis. More than half of isolates of M. phenylpyruvica and M. atlantae were obtained from normally sterile sites. One study found Moraxella spp. including M. catarrhalis in 35 of infected cat-bite wounds and in 10 of infected dog-bite wounds. The clinical features of infections due to Moraxella spp. other than M. catarrhalis and the nature of the hosts in which they occur have not been fully characterized. Table 138-2 Moraxella Species Other Than M. catarrhalis Moraxella Species Number of Isolates Common Sites Clinical Association Number Percent for Each Site M. osloensisa 199 Blood 44 22 CSF 18 9 Urine 17 9 Respiratory tract 24 12 M. nonliquefaciens 356 Blood 27 8 CSF 6 2 Respiratory tract 196 55 M. canis 74 Dog-bite wound 53 72 M-6 47 Blood bone 15 32 M. lacunata 33 Conjunctivitis keratitis 23 70 M. urethralis 28 Urine 16 57 Genital tract 3 11 M. phenylpyruvica 73 Blood 19 26 CSF 8 11

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