TAILIEUCHUNG - Entomology 3rd edition - C.Gillott - Chapter 11

11 The Integument 1. Introduction The integument of insects (and other arthropods) comprises the basal lamina, epidermis, and cuticle. It is often thought of as the “skin” of an insect but it has many other functions (Locke, 1974). Not only does it provide physical protection for internal organs but, because of its rigidity, it serves as a skeleton. | II Anatomy and Physiology 11 The Integument 1. Introduction The integument of insects and other arthropods comprises the basal lamina epidermis and cuticle. It is often thought of as the skin of an insect but it has many other functions Locke 1974 . Not only does it provide physical protection for internal organs but because of its rigidity it serves as a skeleton to which muscles can be attached. It also reduces water loss to a very low level in most Insecta a feature that has been of great significance in the evolution of this predominantly terrestrial class. In addition to these primary functions the cuticular component of the integument performs a number of secondary duties. It acts as a metabolic reserve to be used cyclically to construct the next stage or during periods of great metabolic activity or starvation. It prevents entry of foreign material both living and nonliving into an insect. In many insects the waxy outer layer serves as a repository for contact sex pheromones Chapter 13 Section . The color of insects is also a function of the integument especially the cuticular component. The integument is not a uniform structure. On the contrary both its cellular and acellular components may be differentiated in a variety of ways to suit an insect s needs. Epidermal cells may form specialized glands that produce components of the cuticle or may develop into particular parts of sense organs. The cuticle itself is variously differentiated according to the function it is required to perform. Where muscles are attached or where abrasion may occur it is thick and rigid at points of articulation it is flexible and elastic over some sensory structures it may be extremely thin. 2. Structure The innermost component of the integument Figure is the basal lamina an amorphous but selectively porous acellular layer that is attached by hemidesmosomes to the epidermal cells. It is up to am thick and is produced mainly by the epidermis though there are reports

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