TAILIEUCHUNG - Handbook of self assessment and review ENT: Part 2

(BQ) Continued part 1, part 2 of the document Handbook of self assessment and review ENT has contents: Granulomatous disorders of nose, nasal polyps and foreign body in nose, inflammatory disorders of nasal cavity, oral cavity, anatomy of pharynx, tonsils and adenoids, pharynx hot topics,. and other contents. Invite you to refer. | 17 Granulomatous Disorders of Nose Nasal Polyps and c hapter Foreign Body in Nose GRANULOMATOUS DISEASES OF THE NOSE Bacterial Fungal Unspecified Causes Syphilis Rhinosporidiosis Wegener s granulomatosis Tuberculosis Aspergillosis Lupus Mucormycosis Non-healing midline granuloma Rhinoscleroma Candidiasis Sarcoidosis yLeprosy Histoplasmosis Blastomycosis BACTERIAL INFECTIONS I LUPUS VULGARIS It is an indolent and chronic form of tuberculous infection. Female Male ratio is 2 1 Most common site is the mucocutaneous junction of the nasal septum the nasal vestibule and the ala. Characteristic feature is the presence of apple-jelly nodules Brown gelatinous nodules in skin. Cutaneous lesion involving external nose has a typical butterfly appearance. Lupus can cause perforation ofcartilaginous part ofnasal septum Confirmation is by biopsy. T t ATT. SYPHILIS FLOW CHART Flow Chart Types and clinical feature of syphilis 210 SECTION II Nose and Paranasal Sinuses I RHINOSCLEROMA MIKULCIZ DISEASE It is chronic progressive granulomatous disease commencing in the nose and extending into the nasopharynx and oropharynx larynx subglottic area trachea and bronchi. Organism Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis Gram-negative Frisch bacillus . Features Scleroma can occur at any age and in either sex. The disease has following stages Atrophic Stage Resembles atrophic rhinitis and is characterized by foul smelling purulent nasal discharge and crusting. Granulomatous Stage Proliferative stage The stage is characterized by granulomatous reactions and presence of Mikulicz cells Painless nodules are formed in nasal mucosa. Subdermal infiltration occurs in lower part of external nose and upper lip giving a woody feel. Severe cases may lead to broadening of nose due to thickening of the skin with characteristic Hebra-nose . Fig. Nodular lesion of Rhino scleroma involving the vestibulo external nose and extending to upper lip. This is Hebra nose . Cicatricial Stage It is characterized by .

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