TAILIEUCHUNG - Ebook Essentials of clinical geriatrics (7/E): Part 2

Part 2 book “Essentials of clinical geriatrics” has contents: Falls, immobility , cardiovascular disorders, decreased vitality, sensory impairment, drug therapy, drug therapy, health services, ethical issues in the care of older persons, palliative care. | 229 Chapter 9 Falls AGING AND INSTABILITY Several age-related factors contribute to instability and falls (Table 9-2). Most “accidental” falls are caused by one or a combination of these factors interacting with environmental hazards. Aging changes in postural control and gait probably play a major role in many falls among older persons. Increasing age is associated with diminished proprioceptive input, slower righting reflexes, diminished strength of muscles important in maintaining posture, and increased postural sway. All these changes can contribute to falling—especially the ability to avoid a fall after encountering an environmental PART II Falls are a major cause of morbidity in the geriatric population. Close to onethird of those age 65 years and older living at home suffer a fall each year. Among nursing homes residents, as many as half suffer a fall each year; 10% to 25% cause serious injuries. Accidents are the fifth leading cause of death in persons older than age 65, and falls account for two-thirds of these accidental deaths. Of deaths from falls in the United States, more than 70% occur in the population older than age 65. Fear of falling can adversely affect older persons’ functional status and overall quality of life. Repeated falls and consequent injuries can be important factors in the decision to institutionalize an older person. Table 9-1 lists potential complications of falls. Fractures of the hip, femur, humerus, wrist, and ribs and painful soft tissue injuries are the most frequent physical complications. Many of these injuries will result in hospitalization, with the attendant risks of immobilization and iatrogenic illnesses (see Chapter 10). Fractures of the hip and lower extremities often lead to prolonged disability because of impaired mobility. A less common, but important, injury is subdural hematoma. Neurological symptoms and signs that develop days to weeks after a fall should prompt consideration of this treatable problem. Even

• Essentials of clinical geriatrics
• Clinical geriatrics
• Cardiovascular disorders
• Decreased vitality
• Sensory impairment
• Drug therapy
• Drug therapy
• Health services
• The geriatric patient
• Health services utilization
• Evaluating the geriatric patient
• Chronic disease management
• The diagnosis of tuberculosis
• Seeking health services of tuberculosis patients
• Health services of tuberculosis patients at Namdinh province
• Behaviors seeking health services of tuberculosis patients
• Tuberculosis treatment at Namdinh province
• Knowledge about tuberculosis
• Health financial burden
• Health care services of households
• Health expenditure
• Health insurance
• Basis health level
• Hospital fee
• Out of pocket
• Economic management
• Summary of Economic dissertation
• Quality of health care services
• Health insurance at district hospitals
• Health care services
• Health economics
• Lecture Health economics
• Kinh tế y tế
• Demand for medical services
• Medical services
• RAND health insurance experiment
• Summary of Doctoral thesis
• Public private partnership
• Providing health care services
• Application of PPP in the health care
• Adolescent psychiatry
• Mental health
• Health services research
• Mental health services
• Organizational policy
• BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
• Musculoskeletal disorders
• Primary health care
• Specialist health services
• Sex specific prevalence
• BMC Pediatrics
• Child Health Services
• Health records
• Family foster care
• Social determinants of health
• Child maltreatment
• Children’s rights
• Public health
• Long acting reversible contraception
• Short acting reversible contraception
• Reproductive health services
• planning priorities
• health financing
• corporate taxes
• payroll taxes
• Clinician rated mental health
• Adolescent mental health services
• Teacher and adolescent ratings
• The PPP in provision of health care services
• The additionally theoretical basis
• The role of the State
• Health services accessibility
• Chronic kidney disease
• Hemodialysis services
• Health needs characteristics
• Public service
• Social listening
• Sentiment analysis
• Public health services
• Dissatisfaction towards public services
• Canadian Armed Forces
• Chronic disease
• Population health
• Cohort study
• Essential public health services
• Fiscal equalisation
• Intergovernmental finance
• Public health system
• Tuberculosis behaviors
• Tuberculosis patient
• Nam Dinh province
• Seeking health services
• Social inequalities
• Health inequalities
• Child health
• Health seeking behaviour
• Global health
• Health care seeking behaviour
• Treatment services
• Health prevention services
• Health care seeking behaviuor
• General characteristics of participants
• Quality of nursing services and inpatient satisfaction
• Quality of nursing services
• Health center in West Lombok Indonesia
• Cross sessional approach
• Gunung Sari Health center
• Sexual healthcare services
• STI testing
• Sex work stigma
• Internet fieldwork
• Implications for care
• mental disorders
• health sector
• Deliver Services
• Health finance
• health promotion
• Human resources
• health legislation
• Health Association
• Health surveys
• Complex public health problem
• Chronic diseases