TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: "A Text Understander that Learns"

We introduce an approach to the automatic acquisition of new concepts fi'om natural language texts which is tightly integrated with the underlying text understanding process. The learning model is centered around the 'quality' of different forms of linguistic and conceptual evidence which underlies the incremental generation and refinement of alternative concept hypotheses, each one capturing a different conceptual reading for an unknown lexical item. | A Text Understander that Learns Udo Hahn Klemens Schnattinger IG 1 Computational Linguistics Lab Freiburg University Werthmannplatz 1 D-79085 Freiburg Germany hahn schnatt inger @ Abstract We introduce an approach to the automatic acquisition of new concepts from natural language texts which is tightly integrated with the underlying text understanding process. The learning model is centered around the quality of different forms of linguistic and conceptual evidence which underlies the incremental generation and refinement of alternative concept hypotheses each one capturing a different conceptual reading for an unknown lexical item. 1 Introduction The approach to learning new concepts as a result of understanding natural language texts we present here builds on two different sources of evidence the prior knowledge of the domain the texts are about and grammatical constructions in which unknown lexical items occur. While there may be many reasonable interpretations when an unknown item occurs for the very first time in a text their number rapidly decreases when more and more evidence is gathered. Our model tries to make explicit the reasoning processes behind this learning pattern. Unlike the current mainstream in automatic linguistic knowledge acquisition which can be characterized as quantitative surface-oriented bulk processing of large corpora of texts Handle 1989 Zernik and Jacobs 1990 Hearst 1992 Manning 1993 we propose here a knowledge-intensive model of concept learning from few positive-only examples that is tightly integrated with the non-learning mode of text understanding. Both learning and understanding build on a given core ontology in the format of terminological assertions and hence make abundant use of terminological reasoning. The plain text understanding mode can be considered as the instantiation and continuous filling Figure 1 Architecture of the Text Learner of roles with respect to single concepts already available in the

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