TAILIEUCHUNG - The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Part 131

The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Part 131. In the past decade, Cognitive Linguistics has developed into one of the most dynamic and attractive frameworks within theoretical and descriptive linguistics The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics is a major new reference that presents a comprehensive overview of the main theoretical concepts and descriptive/theoretical models of Cognitive Linguistics, and covers its various subfields, theoretical as well as applied. | 1270 CHRIS SINHA 2. CoNCEPtUAL FoUNDAtioNS IN Psychology . Rule versus Schema The single most important theoretical concept in traditional and formal linguistics is the rule adopted by Classical Cognitive Science in the specific form of the algorithm. Cognitive Linguistics is a usage-based not a rule-based theory. The Cognitive Linguistics unit of analysis that most readily corresponds to rule is schema which is employed in a variety of different contexts . image schema event schema construction schema and recurs throughout this Handbook see chapters 4 9 18 and 41 . The functional equivalence between rule and schema was already pointed out by Kant who was the first to employ the term in the context of cognitive representation Indeed it is schemas not images of objects which underlie our pure sensible concepts. The concept dog signifies a rule according to which my imagination can delineate the figure of a four-footed animal in a general manner without limitation to any single determinate figure such as experience or any possible image that I can represent in concreto actually presents Kant 1781 1929 182-83 . Kant here presents us with two hypotheses that have been fruitfully explored in cognitive psychology and Cognitive Linguistics. The first is that some kind of regularity or organizing principle mediates between perception what he called intuitions on the one hand and linguistic or discursive concepts on the other. The second hypothesis is that this regularity is rule-like in guiding the application of linguistic concepts and in abstracting from the particularity that attends any particular mental image. Kant himself was well aware that the schema notion raises as many questions as it purports to solve but he also realized that these were essentially psychological questions which philosophy was unequipped to 5 answer. Foremost among these are i If schemas are stored representations in memory how do they get to abstract from specific objects or .

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