TAILIEUCHUNG - Taking Stock and Looking Forward: Intervention in the Balkans and Beyond

The IIP for England & Wales in section debated the relative advantages of continuous operation and new construction, for fleets approaching a nominal term of use of 30 years for diesel trains and 35 years for electric trains. The case for new build will be strongest where new trains can demonstrate increased functionality or capability compared with the present trains, for example in terms of top speed, acceleration, capacity or energy consumption, and hence provide increased line capacity, increased revenue and/or reduced operating and maintenance costs which may offset their expected higher lease costs. . | __ UNITED STATES INSTITUTE OF PEAC E SPEC IAL re Port 1200 17th Street NW Washington DC 20036 fax About TH E Report Ten years of intervention in the Balkans begi nni ng with European monitors in 1991 extend i ng through the ill-fated humanitarian efforts of the UN Protection Force in Bosnia 1992-95 to the current multi-purpose interventions in Bosnia 1995 Kosovo 1999 and Macedonia 2001 have provided the most extensive post-Cold War experience in international community efforts to stabilize a conflict zone. Where do the Balkans sta nd now What more needs to be done the re What has been learned What lessons should be a pplied in other conflict areas like Afghanistan The United States Institute of Peace beginning in 1996 has focused resources from its programs trai n i ng grants fellowships rule of law education virtual diplomacy first on Bosnia and later on other republics of the former Yugoslavia a nd on the region as a whole. Throughout this period the Institute has convened a Balka ns Working Group BWG to discuss specific issues and policy options. The BWG consists of Balkans experts from nongovernmental and international organiza-tio ns the admi ni stration Congress think tanks a ca demia and the media. The group met January 22 2002 to discuss lessons learned and how they mig ht be applied both in the Balkans and to future i nterna t io nal interventions. This report was prepa red on the basis of that discussion by Balkans I ni tiative director Daniel Serwer. The views expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Institute of Peace which does not advocate specific policies. Taking Stock and Looking Forward I ntervention in the Balkans and Beyond Br i efly. . . The Balka ns are in better shape than at any other time in the last 10 years and the region is no longer at the top of America s inte r na to nal agenda. But thejob there is not yet do ne. Nothi ng less than .

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