TAILIEUCHUNG - Fossil Vertebrates of Arabia_2

This extensively illustrated volume brings together for the first time the results of research on Arabian continental vertebrates discovered in the United Arab Emirates, the Sultanate of Oman, and the Republic of Yemen. Eminent scientists from Arabia, Europe, and the United States provide up-to-date information on Arabian paleontology as well as on Arabian stratigraphical, geological, isotopic, and paleomagnetic topics. The book presents new fossil records· from Arabia and Pakistan and discusses the closing of the ancient Middle East Tethy s seaway | Isotopes and Environments of the Baynunali Formation Emirate of Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates John D. KINGSTON While the focus of research on terrestrial fossil vertebrates continues to be morphological and taxonomic palaeoecological reconstructions have become an established component of site analyses. Embedding faunal evolution within the framework of evolving habitats provides a means of assessing the adaptive significance of morphological and behavioural changes documented in the fossil record. Reconstructing the context of faunal assemblages also provides an opportunity to address one of the central debates in evolutionary theory the extent to which evolution is driven by perturbations in the physical environment versus biotic interactions. Compilations of site-specific palaeoenviron-mental interpretations can ultimately be used to develop detailed regional and global phytogeographic maps of the past and allow us to evaluate how patterns of mammalian evolutionary radiation and intercontinental dispersal are influenced by veg-etational changes. Although it is generally acknowledged that palaeoecological reconstructions are central in understanding evolutionary processes establishing a detailed and accurate environmental context for fossil assemblages remains problematic. To a large extent this difficulty is related to the fragmentary nature of the known fossil record in space and time. Presented with isolated fragments of a modern terrestrial ecosystem such as a random assortment of surface-collected bones an incomplete assessment of lithofacies and possibly a leaf or wood specimen even neoecologists would find it difficult unequivocally to identity the habitat from which the collection was made. Generalisations could be made concerning the temperate or tropical nature of the assemblage and habitat-specific faunal elements might provide furfrier insight but typically a spectrum of habitats could potentially contribute similar elements. Many animals and plants

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