TAILIEUCHUNG - Chapter 5: Vascular Function

The vascular system serves two basic functions: distribution and exchange. Distribution includes transporting blood to and away from organs. The anatomical arrangement of the vasculature and physiologic control mechanisms that dilate or constrict blood vessels determine this transport. Changes in vessel diameters regulate blood pressure and determine the amount of blood flow to specific organs and regions within organs. | chapter Vascular Function 5 CD-ROM MATERIALS LEARNING OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION ANATOMY AND FUNCTION Vascular Network Distribution of Pressures and Volumes ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE Aortic Pulse Pressure Mean Arterial Pressure Hemodynamics Pressure Flow and Resistance REGULATION OF SYSTEMIC VASCULAR RESISTANCE Calculation of Systemic Vascular Resistance Vascular Tone VENOUS BLOOD PRESSURE Venous Blood Volume and Compliance Mechanical Factors Affecting Central Venous Pressure and Venous Return VENOUS RETURN AND CARDIAC OUTPUT The Balance between Venous Return and Cardiac Output Systemic Vascular Function Curves Cardiac Function Curves Interactions between Cardiac and Systemic Vascular Function Curves summary of important concepts REVIEW QUESTIONS SUGGESTED READINGS CD CONTENTS Critical Stenosis Valsalva Maneuver LEARNING OBJECTIVES Understanding the concepts presented in this chapter will enable the student to 1. Name the different types of vessels constituting the vascular network of the body and describe the general function of each. 2. Describe the factors that determine arterial pulse pressure. 3. Describe how changes in cardiac output systemic vascular resistance and central venous pressure affect mean arterial pressure. 4. Describe in quantitative terms how changes in vessel radius vessel length blood viscosity and perfusion pressure affect blood flow. 5. Calculate total resistance from series or parallel resistance networks. 6. Explain why the pressure drop across small arteries and arterioles is much greater than the pressure drop across other vessel types. 7. Define vascular tone and list factors that alter vascular tone. 8. Explain how each of the following affects central venous pressure blood volume venous compliance gravity respiration and muscle contraction. 9. Define mean circulatory filling pressure and explain what determines its value. 10. Using cardiac and systemic function curves explain how changes in blood volume venous compliance vascular .

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