TAILIEUCHUNG - Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics (Part 1)

Harrison's Internal Medicine Chapter 79. Cancer Genetics Cancer Is a Genetic Disease Cancer arises through a series of somatic alterations in DNA that result in unrestrained cellular proliferation. Most of these alterations involve actual sequence changes in DNA (., mutations). They may arise as a consequence of random replication errors, exposure to carcinogens (., radiation), or faulty DNA repair processes. While most cancers arise sporadically, familial clustering of cancers occurs in certain families that carry a germline mutation in a cancer gene. Historical Perspective The idea that cancer progression is driven by sequential somatic mutations in specific genes has only gained general. | Chapter 079. Cancer Genetics Part 1 Harrison s Internal Medicine Chapter 79. Cancer Genetics Cancer Is a Genetic Disease Cancer arises through a series of somatic alterations in DNA that result in unrestrained cellular proliferation. Most of these alterations involve actual sequence changes in DNA . mutations . They may arise as a consequence of random replication errors exposure to carcinogens . radiation or faulty DNA repair processes. While most cancers arise sporadically familial clustering of cancers occurs in certain families that carry a germline mutation in a cancer gene. Historical Perspective The idea that cancer progression is driven by sequential somatic mutations in specific genes has only gained general acceptance in the past 25 years. Before the advent of the microscope cancer was believed to be composed of aggregates of mucus or other noncellular matter. By the middle of the nineteenth century it became clear that tumors were masses of cells and that these cells arose from the normal cells of the tissue in which the cancer originated. However the molecular basis for the uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells was to remain a mystery for another century. During that time a number of theories for the origin of cancer were postulated. The great biochemist Otto Warburg proposed the combustion theory of cancer which stipulated that cancer was due to abnormal oxygen metabolism while normal cells required oxygen cancer cells could survive in its absence. In addition some believed that all cancers were caused by viruses and that cancer was in fact a contagious disease. In the end observations of cancer occurring in chimney sweeps studies of x-rays and the overwhelming data demonstrating cigarette smoke as a causative agent in lung cancer together with Ames s work on chemical mutagenesis were sufficient to convince many that cancer originated through changes in DNA. Although the viral theory of cancer did not prove to be generally accurate the study

• Y học thường thức
• Cancer Genetics
• bệnh học và điều trị
• bài giảng bệnh học
• tài liệu y khoa
• Harrisons Internal Medicine
• Biological information
• Lecture Genetics
• Human genetics
• Somatic mutation
• Genetics of cancer
• Cell division
• Quantitative genetics
• Population genetics
• Evolutionary genetics
• The genetic code
• Genetics in medicine
• Developmental genetics
• Birth defects
• Cancer genetics and genomics
• Risk assessment
• Genetic counseling
• Prenatal diagnosis and screening
• Personalized health care
• USMLE road map Genetics
• Mitochondrial dysfunction
• Congenital changes
• Genetics and cancer
• Genetics and common diseases
• Surgical Treatment
• Laparoscopic Surgery
• Severe Ulcerative Colitis
• Drug Therapy
• Biologic Drugs
• Ulcerative Colitis
• Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
• Colorectal Cancer
• Neurodegenerative Diseases
• Teratogenesi
• Medical Genetics
• Diagnostic Techniques
• Basic Genetics
• Breast cancer management
• Gross anatomy
• The breast
• Breast cancer epidemiology
• Hereditary breast cancer genetics
• Prediction techniques
• Breast cancer screening
• HIV infection
• Testicular cancer
• Penile cancer
• associated dermatoses
• Cutaneous melanoma
• Molecular Carcinogenesis
• Molecular Epidemiology
• Cancer Disparities in Appalachia
• Environmental Factors
• Breast Cancer Genetics
• ABC of colorectal cancer
• Clinical genetics
• The surgeon matter
• Adjuvant therapy
• The role of primary care
• BMC Cancer
• Young onset colorectal cancer
• Clinicopathological characteristics
• Genetic referral
• Microsatellite instability
• Breast cancer susceptibility
• Haplotype analysis
• Functional analysis
• Multifocal bladder cancer
• Next generation sequencing
• APOBEC deaminase
• Gynaecological oncology
• Pathogenic sequence variants
• BMC Genetics
• Liver cancer
• RNA sequencing
• Potential molecular mechanism
• Cancer hypoxia