TAILIEUCHUNG - METABOLIC ENGINEERING

With the introduction of genetic engineering of Escherichia coli by Cohen, Boyer and co-workers in 1973, the way was paved for a completely new approach to optimisation of existing biotech processes and development of completely new ones. This lead to new biotech processes for the production of recombinant proteins, . the production of human insulin by a recombinant E. coli. With the further development in genetic engineering techniques the possibility ofto applying this for optimisation of classical fermentation processes soon became obvious, and advancements in genetic engineering allowed a far more rational approach to strain improvement than the classical approach of mutagenesis and screening,namely introduction of directed genetic changes. | ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING BIOTECHNOLOGY 73 Msniging Editor T. s h per Volume Editors Metabolic Engineering Springer Preface With the introduction of genetic engineering of Escherichia coli by Cohen Boyer and co-workers in 1973 the way was paved for a completely new approach to optimisation of existing biotech processes and development of completely new ones. This lead to new biotech processes for the production of recombinant proteins . the production of human insulin by a recombinant E. coli. With the further development in genetic engineering techniques the possibility ofto applying this for optimisation of classical fermentation processes soon became obvious and advancements in genetic engineering allowed a far more rational approach to strain improvement than the classical approach of mutagenesis and screening namely introduction of directed genetic changes through rDNA technology. In 1991 this led Bailey to discuss the emerging of a new science called metabolic engineering which he defined as the improvement of cellular activities by manipulations of enzymatic transport and regulatory functions of the cell with the use of recombinant DNA technology . Initially metabolic engineering was simply the technological manifestation of applied molecular biology but with the rapid development in new analytical- and cloning techniques it has become possible to introduce directed genetic changes rapidly and subsequently analyse the consequences of the introduced changes at the cellular level. In recent years there has been a rapid development in the field of metabolic engineering and this has resulted in extensive number of reviews in the field see . Nielsen 2001 . There has been one text book describing the principles and methodologies of metabolic engineering Stephanopoulos et al. 1998 and a multi-author book with many excellent examples of metabolic engineering edited by Lee and Papoutsakis 1999 . A journal fully devoted to this topic has .

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