TAILIEUCHUNG - Chapter-9-The Ports Collection

The Internet is full of free software that is normally distributed in source form. That can be a problem in itself: the way from the source archive that you get free from the Internet to the finished, installed, running program on your machine—normally called porting— can be a long and frustrating one. See my book Porting UNIX Software for more details of the porting process. | 2 April 2003 17 00 47 The Complete FreeBSD page 167 In this chapter How to install a package Building a port Package documentation Getting binary-only software Maintaining ports Upgrading ports Controlling installed ports Submitting a new port 9 The Ports Collection The Internet is full of free software that is normally distributed in source form. That can be a problem in itself the way from the source archive that you get free from the Internet to the finished installed running program on your machine normally called porting can be a long and frustrating one. See my book Porting UNIX Software for more details of the porting process. To get a software package up and running on your system you need to go through most of these steps 1. Get the source files on your machine. They are usually contained in an archive a file containing a number of other files. Archives used for the ports collection are generally gzipped tar files packaged with tar and compressed with gzip but other formats are also possible. Whatever the format you ll typically use ftp to get them to your machine. 2. Unpack the archive into a source tree in this case using gunzip and tar. 3. Configure the package. Most packages include shell scripts to do this. Configuration performs a threefold adaptation of the package 1. It adapts it to the system hardware. 2. It adapts it to the software environment you re running in this case FreeBSD . 3. It adapts it to your personal preferences. 4. Build the package. For most packages this involves compiling the source files and creating executables. The main tool for this purpose is make which uses a set of rules traditionally stored in a file called Makefile to decide how to build the package. There is nearly always a Makefile in the sources but the Ports Collection includes a v 2003 04 02 06 43 08 167 2 April 2003 17 00 47 The Complete FreeBSD . tools page 168 The Complete FreeBSD 168 second one that controls the build at a higher

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