TAILIEUCHUNG - Theory & Problems of Basic Circuit Analysis P2

The most popular resistance color code has nominal resistance values and tolerances indicated by the colors of either three or four bands around the resistor casing, as shown in Fig. 2-3. First digit Second digit Number of zeros or multiplier Tolerance Fig. 2-3 Each color has a corresponding numerical value as specified in Table 2-4. The colors of the first and second bands correspond, respectively, to the first two digits of the nominal resistance value. Because the first digit is never zero, the first band is never black. The color of the third band, except for silver and gold, corresponds to the number of. | 20 RESISTANCE CHAP. 2 COLOR CODE The most popular resistance color code has nominal resistance values and tolerances indicated by the colors of either three or four bands around the resistor casing as shown in Fig. 2-3. First Second Number of zeros digit digit or multiplier Tolerance Fig. 2-3 Each color has a corresponding numerical value as specified in Table 2-4. The colors of the first and second bands correspond respectively to the first two digits of the nominal resistance value. Because the first digit is never zero the first band is never black. The color of the third band except for silver and gold corresponds to the number of zeros that follow the first two digits. A third band of silver corresponds to a multiplier of 10 2 and a third band of gold to a multiplier of 10 . The fourth band indicates the tolerance and is either gold- or silver-colored or is missing. Gold corresponds to a tolerance of 5 percent silver to 10 percent and a missing band to 20 percent. Table 2-4 Color Number Color Number Black 0 Blue 6 Brown 1 Violet 7 Red Gray 8 Orange 3 White 9 Yellow 4 Gold Green 5 Silver OPEN AND SHORT CIRCUITS An open circuit has an infinite resistance which means that it has zero current flow through it for any finite voltage across it. On a circuit diagram it is indicated by two terminals not connected to anything no path is shown for current to flow through. An open circuit is sometimes called an open. A short circuit is the opposite of an open circuit. It has zero voltage across it for any finite current flow through it. On a circuit diagram a short circuit is designated by an ideal conducting wire a wire with zero resistance. A short circuit is often called a short. Not all open and short circuits are desirable. Frequently one or the other is a circuit defect that occurs as a result of a component failure from an accident or the misuse of a circuit. INTERNAL RESISTANCE Every practical voltage or current source has an internal resistance that .

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