TAILIEUCHUNG - Tests of clinical diagnostic: Part 2

(BQ) Continued part 1, part 2 of the document Tests of clinical diagnostic has contents: Clinical chemistry, clinical microbiology, laboratory management, patient safety, laboratory safety, staff management, quality management and performance improvement,. and other contents. Invite you to refer. | CHAPTER 4 Clinical Chemistry JAMES H. NICHOLS CAROL A. RAUCH SPECIMEN RECEIVING AND PROCESSING The specimen receiving and processing area of the laboratory is the entry point for specimens into the laboratory. As the initial contact point processing staff may examine a specimen and detect common preanalytical errors before the specimen is analyzed. Mislabeling wrong tube types transportation delays and other mistakes can affect patient results. By detecting and correcting problems before the specimen is placed on an analyzer staff can prevent clinical mismanagement based on erroneous results. Receiving a quality specimen is the first step toward ensuring a quality result. PREANALYTICAL ERRORS Labeling Errors Specimen mix-ups may occur and can lead to reporting erroneous results and in turn to adverse events for the patient. A large clinical laboratory receives thousands of specimens each day. Specimens can look alike because blood in a common collection tube does not look different from another sample of blood in the same type 144 CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC TESTS of tube. The specimen label is the only means of distinguishing among specimens. Clinicians may envision their patient as the only one being analyzed by the laboratory but in today s highly automated clinical laboratory specimens are lined up and analyzed solely based on the label barcode on the side of the tube. Often an operator must retrieve individual specimens if they are needed for reanalysis or additional testing. Searching for a specific specimen among racks of similar specimens can be labor intensive so automated processes that archive and manage specimen storage and retrieval can improve the laboratory s efficiency. These additional processes are also based on information contained on the specimen label. Thus clinicians must ensure that patients are properly identified and specimens are uniquely and appropriately labeled before sending them to the laboratory. Labeling errors can encompass a variety of .

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• Clinical chemistry
• Clinical microbiology
• Laboratory management
• Patient safety
• Laboratory safety
• Clinical procedures
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• Filing X rays
• Transfusion medicine
• Coagulation disorders
• Hematology and immunology
• Errors in procedures
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