TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Programming languages (2/e): Chapter 3b - Tucker, Noonan

Chapter 3 - Lexical and syntactic analysis: Lexical analysis. This chapter presents the following content: Example tokens, other sequences, regular expressions, clite lexical syntax, finite state automata, some conventions, lexer code, from design to code,. | Programming Languages 2nd edition Tucker and Noonan Chapter 3 Lexical and Syntactic Analysis Syntactic sugar causes cancer of the semicolon. A. Perlis Contents Chomsky Hierarchy Lexical Analysis Syntactic Analysis Lexical Analysis Purpose: transform program representation Input: printable Ascii characters Output: tokens Discard: whitespace, comments Defn: A token is a logically cohesive sequence of characters representing a single symbol. Example Tokens Identifiers Literals: 123, , 'x', true Keywords: bool char . Operators: + - * / . Punctuation: ; , ( ) { } Other Sequences Whitespace: space tab Comments // any-char* end-of-line End-of-line End-of-file Why a Separate Phase? Simpler, faster machine model than parser 75% of time spent in lexer for non-optimizing compiler Differences in character sets End of line convention differs Regular Expressions RegExpr Meaning x a character x \x an escaped character, ., \n { name } a reference to a name M

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