TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Discovering nutrition - Chapter 6: Proteins and amino acids: function follows form

After studying this chapter you will be able to understand: Why is protein important? amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, functions of body proteins, protein digestion and absorption, proteins in the body, proteins in the diet. | Chapter 6 Proteins and Amino Acids: Function Follows Form Why Is Protein Important? Major component of all plant and animal issues Vital to many aspects of health Provide energy and help keep skin, hair, and nails healthy Deficiency leads to wasting Excess protein intake a greater problem in the . Amino Acids Are the Building Blocks of Proteins Proteins are sequences of amino acids (AA) 20 different amino acids 9 essential amino acids Body cannot make them Must get them through diet 11 nonessential amino acids Do not need to be supplied by diet If body cannot make them, categorized as conditionally essential amino acids Amino Acids as Building Blocks Amino acid structure One central carbon atom One hydrogen atom (H) One carboxylic acid group (-COOH) One amino group (-NH2) One side group unique to each amino acid Side group gives the amino acid its identity Protein Structure Amino Acid Sequence Each amino acid is joined to the next by a peptide bond Peptide bonds Dipeptide (2 AA) Oligopeptide (3 AA) Polypeptide (4-10 AA) Protein Structure Protein Shape Sequence and properties of AA determines protein shape Shape determines protein’s function Protein Denaturation Denaturation Disrupts shape Protein unfolds and loses its shape (denature) Caused by acidic or alkalinity, high temperature, alcohol, oxidation, and agitation Functions of Body Proteins Each protein has a specific function determined by its unique shape Functions of Body Proteins Structural and mechanical functions Collagen Most abundant Gives skin and bone their elastic strength Keratin Primary constituent of hair and nails Motor proteins Turn energy into mechanical work Functions of Body Proteins Immune functions Antibodies Blood proteins that attack and inactivate bacteria and viruses Part of the body’s immune response Functions of Body Proteins Enzymes Catalyze, or speed up, chemical reactions Every cell contains thousands of types of enzymes Functions of Body Proteins Hormones Regulate body .

• Y khoa - Dược
• Discovering nutrition
• Lecture Discovering nutrition
• Khám phá dinh dưỡng
• Amino acids
• Protein structure
• Protein denaturation
• Linking nutrients
• Nutrition guidelines
• Dietary guidelines
• Life cycle
• Infant nutrition
• Physiology of pregnancy
• Physical performance spotlight
• Physical performance
• Energy systems
• Nutritional concerns
• Nutrient needs
• Political disruptions
• World food equation
• Food choices
• Environmental influences
• Social ecological model
• Human body
• Gastrointestinal tract
• Chemical processes
• Simple sugars
• Complex carbohydrates
• Carbohydrate digestion
• Character of alcohol
• Spotlight on alcohol
• Alcohol absorption
• Fatty acids
• Triglyceride structure
• Phospholipid structure
• Fat soluble vitamins
• The carotenoids
• Sources of riboflavin
• Dietary supplements
• Natural health products
• Functional foods
• Intake recommendations
• Water intoxication
• Minerals in foods
• Spotlight on metabolism
• Energy balance
• Spotlight on eating disorders
• Bulimia nervosa
• Anorexia nervosa
• Chronic disease
• Physical inactivity
• Cardiovascular disease
• Weight management
• Childhood overweight
• Health risks
• Food safety
• Food additives
• Keeping food safe