TAILIEUCHUNG - Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 133

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 133 provides a wide variety of perspectives on both traditional and more recent views of Earth's resources. It serves as a bridge connecting the domains of resource exploitation, environmentalism, geology, and biology, and it explains their interrelationships in terms that students and other nonspecialists can understand. The articles in this set are extremely diverse, with articles covering soil, fisheries, forests, aluminum, the Industrial Revolution, the . Department of the Interior, the hydrologic cycle, glass, and placer mineral deposits. . | 1226 Tidal energy Global Resources tides flow in and out so the turbines must be able to function in either direction second most power is generated during the two high and two low tides that occur each day but these variable times are usually not synchronized with the peak demand times. To solve the first problem the French engineers devised turbines that can run in either direction to accommodate both incoming and outgoing tides. The second problem was solved by using the turbines as pumps making it possible to use surplus electricity to fill the reser voir behind the dam to a greater depth than the highest level of the tides. Later this extra water could be released to turn the turbines at a time when power is most needed rather than when the ocean recedes. The operating policy of this plant was to optimize the value of the power produced rather than maximizing the amount. The annual energy output from this plant is 600 million kilowatt-hours about percent of France s total energy consumption. In the decades after the Rance tidal generating station began producing electrical energy the device not only has been remarkably trouble-free but also has provided four indirect benefits the development of the large reversible turbines the perfection of corrosion control techniques a roadway linking St. Malo and Dinard across the dam and increased tourism. Although the major motivation to build the Rance tidal power station was the fear of future power shortages this plant has ser ved as a prototype model for tidal power plants as well as an invaluable source of information for future worldwide development. Other Tidal Power Plants Modeled after France s Rance tidal station and using the French generators the first Russian tidal power station was installed in 1968 in the Kislaya Gulf where the tides can rise as high as 20 meters. This facility was abandoned in the mid-1990 s becasue of financial difficulties but after a ten-year hiatus it was modernized and began .

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