TAILIEUCHUNG - Diarrhea, Pneumonia, and Infectious Disease Mortality in Children Aged 5 to 14 Years in India

These damaging effects of poverty on child health can be reduced by well designed policies. Various options have been reviewed by some of us. 22 Table 1 summarises approaches used in different countries to improve health inputs and services in poor populations, with emphasis on those related to child health. Several different—and generally complementary—approaches are possible. Improvement of knowledge and changing of behaviour among poor mothers has been achieved in many settings, in areas as diverse as handwashing for diarrhoea prevention and nutrition counselling. Social marketing entails commercial-sector marketing approaches being adapted for a public-health gain, and has been effective for various items, including provision of soap and mosquito nets. Microcredit—programmes that provide small loans to poor. | OPEN 3 ACCESS Freely available online PLosone Diarrhea Pneumonia and Infectious Disease Mortality in Children Aged 5 to 14 Years in India Shaun K. Morris1 2 Diego G. Bassani1 Shally Awasthi3 Rajesh Kumar4 Anita Shet5 Wilson Suraweera1 Prabhat Jha1 for the MDS Collaborators 1 Centre for Global Health Research Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St Michael s Hospital Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada 2 Division of Infectious Diseases Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada 3 Department of Pediatrics King George s Medical University Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India 4School of Public Health Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education Chandigarh India 5 Department of Pediatrics St. John s National Academy of Health Sciences Bangalore India Abstract Background Little is known about the causes of death in children in India after age five years. The objective of this study is to provide the first ever direct national and sub-national estimates of infectious disease mortality in Indian children aged 5 to 14 years. Methods A verbal autopsy based assessment of 3 855 deaths is children aged 5 to 14 years from a nationally representative survey of deaths occurring in 2001-03 in 1-1 million homes in India. Results Infectious diseases accounted for 58 of all deaths among children aged 5 to 14 years. About 18 of deaths were due to diarrheal diseases 10 due to pneumonia 8 due to central nervous system infections 4 due to measles and 12 due to other infectious diseases. Nationally in 2005 about 59 000 and 34 000 children aged 5 to 14 years died from diarrheal diseases and pneumonia corresponding to mortality of 24-1 and 13-9 per 100 000 respectively. Mortality was nearly 50 higher in girls than in boys for both diarrheal diseases and pneumonia. Conclusions Approximately 60 of all deaths in this age group are due to infectious diseases and nearly half of these deaths are due to diarrheal diseases and pneumonia. .

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