TAILIEUCHUNG - Lubrication Fundamentals 2011 Part 2

Tham khảo tài liệu 'lubrication fundamentals 2011 part 2', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | deasphalting and extraction. The solvent extraction portion of the Duo-Sol process employs either phenol or cresylic acid as the extraction solvent. C. Furfural Extraction Before discussing furfural extraction and the subsequent processing it should be pointed out that from this stage on a lube refinery differs from most fuel refineries in another important aspect. Lube units process very different feedstocks at various times. For example a furfural extraction unit will process not only the deasphalted oil from the PD unit but the distillate feeds from the vacuum tower as well. These different feedstocks are processed in blocked out operation. This means that while one of the feeds is being processed the others are collected in intermediate tankage and are processed later. Runs of various lengths from days to weeks are scheduled so that demands are met and intermediate tankage requirements are not excessive. During the switching from one stock to another some transition oil is produced and must be disposed of. One other consequence of this blocked-out type of operation is that each section of the process units must be designed to handle the most demanding service. As a unit s capacity for various stocks may be limited by the requirements imposed on its different sections. Furfural extraction separates aromatic compounds from nonaromatic compounds. In its simplest form the process consists of mixing furfural with the feedstock allowing the mixture to settle into two liquid phases decanting and removing the solvent from each phase. This can be demonstrated in a glass graduated cylinder where the more dense furfural dissolves the dark-colored aromatic materials from a distillate leaving a lightercolored raffinate product. The resultant product from the furfural extraction shows an increase in thermal and oxidative stability as well as an improvement in viscosity and temperature characteristics as measured by a higher viscosity index VI . Figure is a simplified .

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