TAILIEUCHUNG - Neuromuscular Diseases A Practical Guideline - part 4

Tham khảo tài liệu 'neuromuscular diseases a practical guideline - part 4', y tế - sức khoẻ, y học thường thức phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 137 Cauda equina Genetic testing NCV EMG Laboratory Imaging Biopsy The conus medullaris terminates at vertebrum L1. The lower segmental ventral Anatomy and dorsal lumbar and sacral nerve roots form the cauda equina. The lumbar nerve roots run obliquely downwards and laterally. The sacral spinal nerves divide into rami within the spinal canal. Each ramus passes through a pelvic sacral foramen to join the sacral plexus each dorsal ramus emerges through a dorsal sacral foramen to supply paraspinal muscles and the skin over the sacral and medial gluteal areas. The cauda equina is loosely enveloped by arachnoid membrane from which a sleeve extends to cover each nerve root. As a nerve passes into the nerve foramen it is invested in a short sleeve of dura. Acute central disc herniation Pain bilaterally in the buttock sacral perineal and posterior leg regions and sphincter dysfunction. Symptoms Chronic Back pain perineal pain paresthesias. Urinary and erectile dysfunction may occur in men. Acute Signs Weakness of S1 and S2 muscles sensory loss from soles to perineal region with saddle anesthesia. Loss of anal wink. Roots positioned most laterally lower lumbar and upper sacral are most often affected while the central roots can be spared S3-S5 . Thus the bladder is often spared. Chronic Similar signs as acute injury. Muscle wasting in chronic conditions may resemble chronic polyneuropathy. Toxic Pathogenesis Anesthesia spinal and epidural anesthesia Contrast media Cytotoxic drugs intrathecal methotrexate Radiation TRI transient radicular irritation Spinal arachnoiditis This is trial version 138 Vascular AV fistulas spinal dural may mimic spinal stenosis Cauda equina claudication Spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage Infectious AIDS CMV infections Herpes simplex infection Others cryptococcal syphillis tuberculosis Inflammatory Immune Bechterew s disease Neoplastic Ependymoma Neurofibroma Rare dermoid hemangioblastoma lipoma meningioma paragangliomas schwannoma .

• Y học thường thức
• BMC Anesthesiology
• Neuromuscular blockade
• Residual neuromuscular blockade
• Neuromuscular blockade monitoring
• Confidence interval
• Neuromuscular blocking agent
• Selective relaxant binding agent
• Phrenic nerve
• Neuromuscular function
• Neuromuscular Junction
• Neuromuscular Transmission
• Presynaptic Disorders
• Postsynaptic Disorders
• Neuromuscular blocking agents
• Geriatric patients
• Neuromuscular monitoring
• Rocuronium neuromuscular block
• Reversal of neuromuscular block
• Reversal drug under dosing
• Residual and recurring neuromuscular block
• Oxford textbook of neuromuscular disorders
• Neuromuscular disorders
• Autonomic neuropathies
• Multiple mononeuropathies
• Diabetic neuropathy
• Peripheral nerve hyperexcitability disorders
• Inherited myasthenic syndromes
• Myasthenia gravis
• Endocrine myopathies
• Metabolic myopathies
• BMC Pediatrics
• Neuromuscular electrical stimulation
• Physical therapy plays
• Botulinum toxin A
• Cerebral palsy
• Train of four
• Sugammadex reverses
• Neuromuscular diseases
• Modified gamma cyclodextrin
• Motor neurone disorders
• Respiratory outcome
• Diaphragmatic activity
• Non depolarizing muscle relaxants
• Arterial hypotension
• Obstructive sleep apnea
• Postoperative pulmonary complications
• Neuromuscular blocking drugs
• Neuromuscular block
• Pharmacologic reversal
• Enhanced recovery after surgery
• Pyridostigmine bromide
• Sugammadex reverses neuromuscular block
• Sugammadex appears
• Single blinded randomized clinical trial
• Plasma dexamethasone
• Residual blockade
• Operating room
• Versus neostigmine
• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
• Immunomodulating treatment
• Other motor neuron disorders
• Spinal muscular atrophies
• Toxic neuropathies
• Neuropathies associated
• Congenital myopathies
• Mitochondrial disorders
• BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
• Ankle sprains
• Neuromuscular training
• Musculoskeletal system
• General practitioner
• Knee osteoarthritis
• Total knee replacement
• Randomized controlled trial
• BMC Pulmonary Medicine
• Carbon dioxide
• High concentration oxygen therapy
• Physiological response
• Running biomechanics
• Load carriage
• Randomized clinical trial
• Resistance training
• Vertebral body
• Idiopathic scoliosis
• Neuromuscular scoliosis
• Aberrant asymmetrical vertebral growth
• Economic impact
• Surgical procedures
• Reversal agents
• Spanish health care setting