TAILIEUCHUNG - The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Part 101

The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Part 101. In the past decade, Cognitive Linguistics has developed into one of the most dynamic and attractive frameworks within theoretical and descriptive linguistics The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics is a major new reference that presents a comprehensive overview of the main theoretical concepts and descriptive/theoretical models of Cognitive Linguistics, and covers its various subfields, theoretical as well as applied. | 970 JÜAN ByBEE 5. MORPHOSYNTACTIC CHANGE . Development of New Constructions Grammaticalization occurs when a specific instance of a more general construction increases in frequency and takes on new functions. For instance several movement verbs are appropriate to fit into the following constructional schema of English 12 Movement Verb Progressive Purpose Clause to Infinitive a. I am going to see the king. b. I am traveling to see the king. c. I am riding to see the king. However the only instance of this construction that has grammaticalized is the one with go in it. The particular example of this construction with go in it has undergone phonological morphosyntactic semantic and pragmatic changes that have the effect of splitting the particular grammaticalizing phrase off not only from other instances of go but also from other instances of this general construction. Israel 1996 discusses the development of the way constructions . Joan made her way home out of a more general construction in which an intransitive verb could have an object indicating the path or way as in wente he his ride wente he his strete road path I ran my way examples from Israel 1996 221 . The object in the construction is now restricted to way but the nature of the verb has changed gradually over time. Starting with verbs that indicate the manner of motion sweep creep winged speed etc. the construction extended to verbs that indicate the means by which the path is built hew out sheer plough dig etc. then also to less direct means to achieving a goal fight battle write and further to incidental activities accompanying the movement whether figurative or literal whistle hum and haw . The changes are gradual and very local occurring one verb at a time. Israel 1996 223 writes Long strings of analogical extensions lead to discrete clusters of usage which then license the extraction of more abstract schemas for the construction. In other cases of grammaticalization similar extensions can be .

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