TAILIEUCHUNG - Plastics and the Environment : Environmental Issues and Current Controversies

The interactions shown in Figure 1 are illustrative of certain poverty-environment processes where poor households are “compelled” to degrade environmental resources. However, this should not obscure the fact that much environmental degradation is caused by large-scale commercial operators, and by State policy; and there are many examples of positive actions by poor households and communities to manage environmental resources sustainably (see for example Box 19 on community- based resource management). Where environmental degradation is caused by commercial operators and/or State policy, poor households still suffer. They may be pushed into more marginal areas by large-scale logging or ranching activities, or may face lower productivity on crop and grazing. | Zero Waste Alliance Plastics and the Environment Environmental Issues and Current Controversies Dr. Lauren Heine Zero Waste Alliance International Sustainable Development Foundation lheine@ .org 1 Zero Waste Alliance Plastics 101 I. Background - The future is just one word. http Hollywood 8200 and Issues with Plastics and PVC 2 1 Zero Waste Alliance Some Definitions Polymer- poly-many meros-part - long chain of molecules that is made of repeating parts called monomers - can be natural or synthetic Plastics - all plastics are polymers all polymers not plastics - typically refers to man-made thermoplastic polymers fiber elastomer thermoset 3 Zero Waste Alliance Monomers Polymers H H C C I I HCl HH H Cl n A vinyl chloride monomer A vinyl chloride polymer or polyvinyl chloride 4 2 Zero Waste Alliance Plastics are Found in Clothing Stockings shirts windbreakers pajamas -processed nylon Fleece jackets vest and pants - from recycled plastic soda bottles PET or other polyesters Sweaters and socks - acrylic polyacrylonitrile and rayon Shoe soles - PVC rubber Zero Waste Alliance Polyurethane in Clothes Trainer Tights - A unique blend of spun polypropylene and Lycra spandex will keep you working out when the winter temperature dips low. Soft stretchy and really comfortable we wear our Winter Trainers for Nordic skiing winter running and cycling and even under a ski suit. They wick moisture from your skin and disperse it to the outer layer of fabric so you dry quickly and avoid chills. 6

• Môi trường
• Sero Prevalence
• Female Sex Workers
• Andhra Pradesh
• Knowledge
• Attitude and Behaviour
• Sexually Transmitted
• Bovine herpesvirus 1
• Cattle and buffalo
• Emphasis on seroprevalence
• Seroprevalence of BoHV 1
• Country to know the seroprevalence
• Seroprevalence studies of Brucellosis
• Seroprevalence studies
• Brucellosis among human
• Different serological tests
• Persons while sex wise males
• Seroprevalence of chikungunya
• Febrile patients
• Seroprevalence of chikungunya cases
• Chikungunya cases
• Gender wise distribution
• Seroprevalence of leptospirosis
• Leptospirosis in animals
• Seroprevalence of leptospirosis in animals
• Humans including prevalent serovars
• Leptospira is being highlighted
• Age wise seroprevalence
• Seropositivity for toxoplasma
• Rubella among torch infections
• Women with bad obstetric history
• Obstetric history
• Aedes mosquito
• Capture ELISA
• Seroprevalence of dengue
• Dengue in a tertiary care hospital
• Tertiary care hospital
• Hepatitis B
• ICTC at tertiary care centre
• Tertiary care centre
• Seroprevalence of hepatitis B
• Hepatitis B in HIV positive cases
• Rapid plate test
• Salmonellosis in bovine herds
• Seroprevalence of salmonellosis
• Diarrheic animals
• Chickaballapur classifying animals
• Risk factors
• Caprine Brucellosis in Punjab
• Serum samples collected randomly
• Goats were tested by RBPT
• Helicobacter pylori
• Blood donors
• Healthy blood donors
• Seroprevalence of helicobacter pylori
• Believed to persist lifelong
• Toxoplasma gondii
• IgG antibody
• Healthy voluntary blood donors
• Seroprevalence of igg antibodies
• Brucella melitensis
• Small ruminants
• Seroprevalence of brucella melitensis
• Humans in anand region
• Enzyme linked immunosorbent
• Hepatitis C
• Anti HCV
• HCV among healthy blood donors
• Seroprevalence of HBV
• Seroprevalence of measles antibodies
• Measles antibodies
• Young adults
• Completed months of age
• Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus
• Hepatitis B virus
• Multitransfused patients
• Special reference
• Occult hepatitis B virus infection
• Aborted goats in Kerala
• Aborted goats
• Multiple serovars among goats
• Goats with history
• HIV Prevalence
• General population attending
• Seroprevalence of HIV
• HIV infection is more
• Weil Felix test
• Rickettsial infections
• Tertiary care center in south India
• Seroprevalence of rickettsial infections
• Rural southern India
• Blood transfusion
• C virus
• Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis
• Antenatal women
• Bad obstetric history
• Commercial ELISA kit
• Pregnant women
• Around Kakinada Town
• Seroprevalence of TORCH infections
• TORCH infections in pregnant women
• Sero prevalance
• Indirect ELISA
• Seroprevalence of goatpox in Assam
• Sero prevalence of goatpox
• Goat population of Assam
• Seroprevalence of brucellosis
• Brucellosis in large
• Small ruminants in Chhattisgarh state
• Large ruminants in state
• Determine the prevalence of brucellosis
• Enzyme linked immune electrotransfer blot
• Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
• Human cysticercosis
• Tertiary care center
• Seroprevalence of human cysticercosis
• Softwood grafting
• Shade house
• Open condition
• Seroprevalence of syphilis
• Various patient groups attending