TAILIEUCHUNG - Organic Polymer Chemistry
Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation (by synthesis or by other means) of carbon-based compounds, hydrocarbons, and their derivatives. Organic compounds are structurally diverse. The range of application of organic compounds is enormous. They either form the basis of, or are important constituents of, many products including plastics, drugs, petrochemicals, food, explosives, and paints | Organic Polymer Chemistry Outline Introduction Classify Nonmenclature Properties Synthesis Application Introduction A polymer is a large molecule (macromolecule) composed of repeating basis monomer units History 1811, Braconnot worked in derivative cellulose compounds-the earliest important work in polymer science. Development of vulcanization later in the nineteenth century In 1907, Leo Baekeland created the first completely synthetic polymer. Nonmenclature Nonmenclarure of polymer depend on the name of monomer with the prefix “poly”. Example: Ethylene ( polyethylene) Polymers from substituted derivatives of ethylene containing 2 times the original vinyliden name: poly + name substituted vinyliden Functional group polymer: prefix poly then called functional group name. Example: polyester, polyamide, polyurethane Classify Depend on different factors Depend on origin: natural ( rubber, cellulose, protide, ) and synthesis ( nylon, teflon, ) Depend on the composition Carbon chain Odd chain: The chain is formed from carbon and some elements- S,O,N,P Inorganic polymer: Main chain is form by inorganic elements Homopolymer: Homopolyme as the polymer is formed from a monomer Copolymer: Copolymers are polymers formed from two or more different monomers. Depend on the component of the chain Physical Property The most basic property of a polymer is the identity of its constituent monomers. A second set of properties, known as microstructure, essentially describe the arrangement of these monomers within the polymer Polymers have large molecule weight. Solutions of polymer have high viscosity. Note: To know the physical property of polymer obviously, we must understand the phase behavior. Melting point Not a solid-liquid phase transition but a transition from a crystalline phase to a solid amorphous phase-melting point, Tm. Depend on Tm, we classify polymers into thermoplastics & thermosetting polymers. Thermoplastic Is a polymer become a liquid when heated and hard when .
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