TAILIEUCHUNG - PAKISTAN'S WATERS AT RISK: WATER & HEALTH RELATED ISSUES IN PAKISTAN & KEY RECOMMENDATIONS

This project has been preceded by a series of reports and initiatives, which have recognised a need for further monitoring in the areas of climate change and air pollution impacts on biodiversity. Three major reports on the effects of climate change on biodiversity recommend further monitoring in this area. A review by Hossell et al. (2000) advocated the ‘development of methodologies for monitoring and assessing the status and quality of designated sites and key species affected by climate change’. It also suggested the extension of existing monitoring and assessment techniques to ‘recognise and detect. | WWF for a living planet A Special Report Pakistan s Waters at Risk Water Health Related Issues in Pakistan . Key Recommendations February 2007 Endorsed by Based on Information Data drawn from Government Documents and NGOs IGOs Publications Report compiled by Freshwater Toxics Programme WWF - Pakistan. Cover page design Communications Division WWF - Pakistan. Published 2007 by WWF - Pakistan Ferozepur Road Lahore - 54600 Pakistan. Opinions expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of WWF and its members. Cover photo credits Freshwater Toxics Programme WWF - Pakistan WATER HEALTH RELATED ISSUES IN PAKISTAN A SPECIAL REPORT Table of Contents Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND 1 2. CURRENT SITUATION ISSUES OF WATER IN PAKISTAN 1 WATER AVAILABILITY 1 WATER DEMAND CONSUMPTION 3 WATER QUALITY 3 3. MAJOR WATER SECTORS IN PAKISTAN 5 INDUSTRIAL SECTOR 5 AGRICULTURE SECTOR 7 MUNICIPAL SECTOR 7 4. WATER QUALITY HEALTH IMPACTS 8 WATER-BORNE DISEASES 8 PREVALANCE OF ARSENIC AND FLOURIDE IN DRINKING WATER 10 IMPLICATIONS OF HEALTH IMPACTS 11 5. POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ITS IMPLEMENTATION STATUS 11 NATIONAL DRINKING WATER POLICY DRAFT 13 NATIONAL WATER POLICY DRAFT 14 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENT POLICY 2005 14 PAKISTAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT PEPA 1997 15 PAKISTAN STANDARDS QUALITY CONTROL aUtHoRiTY PSQCA 16 MID-TERM DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK 2005 - 2010 16 6. EXISTING MANAGEMENT PRACTICES TO COMBAT WATER POLLUTION 16 ENFORCEMENT STATUS 18 7. CONCLUSIONS POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS AND THE WAY FORWARD 20 REFERENCES .

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