TAILIEUCHUNG - Falls and Fall Prevention in the Elderly: Insights from Jamaica

Health inequalities are not only apparent between people of different socio-economic groups—they exist between different genders, different ethnic groups, and the elderly and people suffering from mental health problems or learning disabilities also have worse health than the rest of the population. The causes of health inequalities are complex, and include lifestyle factors—smoking, nutrition, exercise to name only a few—and also wider determinants such as poverty, housing and education. Access to healthcare may play a role, and there are. | Falls and Fall Prevention in the Elderly Insights from Jamaica Kenneth James Jacqueline Gouldbourne Chloe Morris Denise Eldemire-Shearer Department of Community Health and Psychiatry Mona Ageing and Wellness Centre University of the West Indies Mona Jamaica Abstract Falls among the elderly is increasingly being recognized as an issue of concern in both developed and developing countries. Falls in the elderly may precipitate adverse physical medical psychological social and economic consequences. In Jamaica there are no exhaustive studies or literature that have fully captured the epidemiology aetiology or impact of such falls though there is evidence to suggest that it is an issue that warrants some attention. This paper through the use of quantitative and qualitative methods sought to gain insights on the situation regarding falls among the elderly in Jamaica. Through literature reviews canvassing of medicals records conducting focus groups and interviews perspectives were gleaned on falls among elderly persons in Jamaica. Contributory and risk factors and perceptions and costs were explored as were any existing fall prevention policies or policy thrusts. The emerging picture is that falls are not a rare occurrence among older persons in Jamaica and extrinsic factors such as poor road surfaces poorly constructed steps and poor design of public transportation vehicles etc. are factors that cause falls in the local setting. Similarly intrinsic factors related to co-morbid condition such as hypertension diabetes and sensory impairment appear to also contribute to increased risk of falling. Further research on the issue is needed in Jamaica. So too are specific fall prevention policies and programs and actions to address prevailing concerns. Increased awareness of the occurrence of falls among the elderly and mobilization of efforts to decrease such events is needed complemented by culturally relevant health education and promotion activities. Synergistic efforts of .

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