TAILIEUCHUNG - The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 76

The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 76. The book is alphabetized by the whole headings of entries, as distinct from the first word of a heading. Hence, for example, abandonment comes before a priori and a posteriori. It is wise to look elsewhere if something seems to be missing. At the end of the book there is also a useful appendix on Logical Symbols as well as the appendices A Chronological Table of Philosophy and Maps of Philosophy. | 730 Polish philosophy H. Skolimowski Polish Analytical Philosophy London 1967 . J. Woleiiski Logic and Philosophy in the Lvov-Warsaw School Dordrecht 1989 . political obligation. The sense or fact of being bound to obey the laws of a political community and the commands of its legally constituted officers and or to act consistently in ways that serve the common good. Principled refusals of obligation can take the form of treason rebellion passive resistance or disobedience and conscientious objection the last of these is sometimes legally recognized in specific cases military service is the most common example . How an individual originally free of all bonds comes to be obligated is perhaps the central question of liberal political theory. It is usually answered by pointing to some intentional act or presumed show of intention taken as the political equivalent of a promise. Consent. Just as unreasonable promises to live as a slave or to commit suicide or promises made under duress or without full understanding are not binding so with acts of consent free individuals cannot obligate themselves to obey a dictator or a totalitarian regime the political equivalent of accepting slavery even more obviously unfree individuals cannot do so their declarations of commitment have no moral effect at all. Political theorists from other traditions conservatives communitarians rationalists of various sorts who doubt the liberal starting-point the reality of original freedom commonly regard individuals as bound whether they consent or not born bound or objectively constrained. But they too must address the limits of this obligation arguing either that only regimes of a certain sort which maintain just social arrangements or support the good life or are at least very old can bind their subjects or that individuals are released from pre-existing obligations by specific acts of tyranny or oppression. It is entirely possible however to deny the existence of anything like political .

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