TAILIEUCHUNG - PIPELINE PIGGING TECHNOLOGY- P12

PIPELINE PIGGING TECHNOLOGY- P12: Why pig a pipeline? This paper introduces a number of reasons for doing so, together with a discussion of the advantages and alternatives. In general terms, however, pigging is not an operation to be undertaken lightly. There are often technical problems to be resolved and the operation requires careful control and co-ordination. | Pipeline Pigging Technology . Metal-loss readings along a channel. metal loss readings see can be identified. These spools can then be closely scrutinised during a second run and the reported corrosion can also be assessed using the methods detailed later. Repeat inspections Following a repeat inspection inspection data will be available for the entire pipeline . b and individual spools the most severely-corroding spools can be determined using the type of procedure used in . Care should be taken in assessing the metal-loss readings from spools this is because corrosion can be preferential so that corrosion rates determined from mean metal-loss readings around the circumference of the pipe b and along the axis of the pipe can be misleading. Similarly when determining corrosion rates at specific areas of corrosion . pits care should be taken in allowing for general wall thickness corrosion as well as pit corrosion . 312 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on to remove this watern Assessment of pipeline defects INSPECTION 1 Pipe Wall Corrodes between Inspection 1 and 2 INSPECTION 2 in Depth of Pit D A t - d . Pit model and the effect of corrosion. 313 Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on to remove this waterm Pipeline Pigging Technology CALCULATING THE FAILURE PRESSURE OF CORROSION IN PIPELINES Structural defects which exceed code tolerances can be assessed using fitness-for-purpose methods. These methods are well-documented 10 and have been used extensively in pipeline welding codes ll . The ANSI ASME B31 Code 5 for pressure piping contains a supplement 12 which allows pipeline corrosion to be assessed using fitness-for-purpose methods. These methods are considered acceptable and applicable to pipeline defects. The failure stress of corrosion in a pipeline can be calculated from l-3 Cf l-X l-X M- 4 1 and M 1 2c Rt 2 2 where X d t or A Ao af hoop stress at .

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