TAILIEUCHUNG - Drugs and Poisons in Humans - A Handbook of Practical Analysis (Part 43)

Introduction: Hypochlorite a (HClO) is a weak acid, which exerts oxidative action; it is being widely used in the salt forms for bleaching and other purposes. Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) aqueous solution is usually used as a disinfectant, bleaching agent, fungicide and ink eraser, and is thus usually included in detergents for laundry. Calcium hypochlorite [Ca(ClO)2, bleaching powder] is also used as a bleaching agent and disinfectant. The kinds of household utensils containing hypochlorite are numerous; therefore the poisoning cases, due to accidental ingestion of hypochlorite and due to inhalation of chlorine gas produced upon mixing a hypochlorite salt with an. | Hypochlorite By Yasuo Seto Introduction Hypochlorite a HClO is a weak acid which exerts oxidative action it is being widely used in the salt forms for bleaching and other purposes. Sodium hypochlorite NaClO aqueous solution is usually used as a disinfectant bleaching agent fungicide and ink eraser and is thus usually included in detergents for laundry. Calcium hypochlorite Ca ClO 2 bleaching powder is also used as a bleaching agent and disinfectant. The kinds of household utensils containing hypochlorite are numerous therefore the poisoning cases due to accidental ingestion of hypochlorite and due to inhalation of chlorine gas produced upon mixing a hypochlorite salt with an acidic solution are relatively many. The toxicity of the aqueous solution of a hypochlorite salt is due to injuries of the mucous membranes caused by its strong alkali and oxidizing actions and due to disturbances of the respiratory organs caused by inhalation of chlorine gas produced under acidic conditions. The oral LD50 value of hypochlorite for rats is 850 mg kg. To detect hypochlorite a preliminary qualitative test using the iodine-starch paper is being usually used. However this method is not specific for hypochlorite but is generally responsive to every oxidizing compound it is not suitable for specifying hypochlorite. For analysis of hypochlorite the detection of a hypochlorite ion is most preferable. In this chapter a capillary electrophoresis CE method for analysis of hypochlorite is presented. Reagents and their preparation Sodium hypochlorite solution commercially available is diluted with M NaOH solution to prepare 500 pg mh in the form of a hypochlorite ion stock solution. Various concentrations of the solution are prepared by diluting the stock solution with M NaOH solution for constructing a calibration curve. CE conditions CE column a fused silica capillary column 104 cm x 50 pm i. d. CE conditions an HP3DCE system Yokogawa Analytical Systems Tokyo Japan buffer

• Y học thường thức
• Drugs and Poisons in Humans
• Handbook of Practical Analysis
• tác hại của ma tuý
• chất độc hại cho con người
• phòng chống nghiện ma tuý
• Hypochlorite
• computer system for diagnosis
• causative drugs
• poisons developed
• Alternative specimens
• Pretreatments of human specimens
• Detection methods
• Practical use
• the poison net developed
• Problems in toxin analysis
• emergency medicine
• Analysis of chemical warfare agents
• related compounds
• Carbon monoxide
• Hydrogen sulfide
• metabolite
• Cyanide
• Methanol and formic acid
• Ethanol
• Chloroform and dichloromethane
• Toluene
• benzene
• xylene
• styrene
• Alkyl nitrites
• Components of gasoline
• Amphetamines
• metabolites
• Cannabinoids
• Morphine and its analogues
• Cocaine and its metabolites
• Pentazocine
• Lysergic acid diethylamide
• Methylenedioxyamphetamines